TLG Discussion 2022

[cosors]

Don't get me wrong. Talga is so small and the cables are already laid. Talga is safe.

"The new green industries will receive their electricity from the new receiving station being built on Hertsöfältet, a few kilometres from Svartön. Daniel Agrér, Head of Electricity Networks at Luleå Energi, looks at the earthworks.

The new industries need electricity, lots of electricity. On the Hertsöfältet outside Luleå, the municipality's industrial park is to be expanded. Here, earthworks have just begun for a new receiving station that will have as big an impact as the whole of Luleå has today. Opposite the receiving station, which will supply the new industries with electricity, is the area for the branch of graphite producer Talga Resources, and several other industries are in the starting blocks to build in the area."

https://www.energi.se/artiklar/2022/september-2022/lulea-laddar-for-den-industriella-omstallningen/

 

[cosors]

"What happens?
On 31 January at 09.30 the main hearings on Talga AB's application for a graphite mine in Nunasvaara before the Land and Environment Court.
The court proceedings will be part of the company's plans, and the rest will then be in Luleå for 3 weeks in Luleå.
Convenient for the court and the company, but our presence on the ground much more difficult. The negotiations will only
Nunasvaara South.

What can you do?
When the negotiations start on 31 January, we can make our voices heard through a peaceful demonstration in Luleå with local voices from Vittangi. With the help of those who have come from other places along the Torne and Kalix river valleys, we can show that we do not accept that our land, our rivers and our nature to the risk of a dirty mine.

The mass media will spread the message that we do not accept Talga's mining plans. The other three parts of Talga's plans; Nunasvaara
North, Niska South and Niska North will not be discussed in this will not be dealt with in this hearing. The Land and Court will therefore only deal with a few new cases. This clearly means that the area from Hosiojärvi to Vittangiälven, a stretch of 6 km is in danger of becoming a large mining area.

We in the working group YES to a future without mines have contributed to the process to the best of our ability, but now we need you!
Sign up for the bus from Vittangi for the demonstration in Luleå on 31 January.

Register via the link or to the contact persons. You can not go? Help to prepare the demonstration and spread the word!
Registration by Friday at the latest
31 January: Bus from Vittangi to Luleå.
Demonstration against the graphite mine.
Return journey on the same day."
https://www.facebook.com/groups/gruvinformation/?mibextid=6NoCDW

 

[Vigdorian]

View attachment 27969
"What happens?
On 31 January at 09.30 the main hearings on Talga AB's application for a graphite mine in Nunasvaara before the Land and Environment Court.
The court proceedings will be part of the company's plans, and the rest will then be in Luleå for 3 weeks in Luleå.
Convenient for the court and the company, but our presence on the ground much more difficult. The negotiations will only
Nunasvaara South.

What can you do?
When the negotiations start on 31 January, we can make our voices heard through a peaceful demonstration in Luleå with local voices from Vittangi. With the help of those who have come from other places along the Torne and Kalix river valleys, we can show that we do not accept that our land, our rivers and our nature to the risk of a dirty mine.

The mass media will spread the message that we do not accept Talga's mining plans. The other three parts of Talga's plans; Nunasvaara
North, Niska South and Niska North will not be discussed in this will not be dealt with in this hearing. The Land and Court will therefore only deal with a few new cases. This clearly means that the area from Hosiojärvi to Vittangiälven, a stretch of 6 km is in danger of becoming a large mining area.

We in the working group YES to a future without mines have contributed to the process to the best of our ability, but now we need you!
Sign up for the bus from Vittangi for the demonstration in Luleå on 31 January.

Register via the link or to the contact persons. You can not go? Help to prepare the demonstration and spread the word!
Registration by Friday at the latest
31 January: Bus from Vittangi to Luleå.
Demonstration against the graphite mine.
Return journey on the same day."
https://www.facebook.com/groups/gruvinformation/?mibextid=6NoCDW

…And here is how we can help - sign up to the bus and take up every seat without showing up…

Jokes aside - what kind of numbers are we talking about ? Will it be like the 15 people rally in Luleå or closer to the german mine climate protest ?

 

[cosors]

…And here is how we can help - sign up to the bus and take up every seat without showing up…

Jokes aside - what kind of numbers are we talking about ? Will it be like the 15 people rally in Luleå or closer to the german mine climate protest ?

I think it will be something like the last demonstration in Vittangi. I don't think we can compare that at all with what happened in Germany. Here there were nationwide calls and there are big cities nearby. Even Greta was caught. But she is too sensible not to weigh the potential with this resource correctly, that's how I assess her. And don't forget, this is about something that will help to reduce emissions and not increase them like coal in Germany. I expect a peaceful demonstration of hardliners and NIMBYs. Some are against it because a new mine and a new factory means more Co² emissions. These people don't care about the big picture, how this mine can significantly reduce pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. They are partly blinded by the fear they have stoked themselves. IMHO

 

[TentCity]

I think it will be something like the last demonstration in Vittangi. I don't think we can compare that at all with what happened in Germany. Here there were nationwide calls and there are big cities nearby. Even Greta was caught. But she is too sensible not to weigh the potential with this resource correctly, that's how I assess her. And don't forget, this is about something that will help to reduce emissions and not increase them like coal in Germany. I expect a peaceful demonstration of hardliners and NIMBYs. Some are against it because a new mine and a new factory means more Co² emissions. These people don't care about the big picture, how this mine can significantly reduce pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. They are partly blinded by the fear they have stoked themselves. IMHO

Judging by the broad grin on Mark’s face from his latest Twitter post today suggests he’s not too worried about a couple of NIMBYs derailing the World’s Greenest Anode coming online!

Pleased to see he’s in Europe coinciding with the permit hearing and interesting to note him saying in his post about Talnode Si “scaling up for EU markets and beyond”. I still think the US market is squarely in focus for future Talnode Si commercialisation strategy alongside Europe.

 

[cosors]

"January 23, 2023

More positive attitude towards the mining industry in Sweden​

Just over six out of ten people (62%) in Sweden between the ages of 18 and 79 think that the Swedish mining industry should be given the conditions to develop in order to secure access to important metals and every other person (49%) can imagine having an active mine in their immediate area . This is shown by a study that Sweden's Geological Survey (SGU) has done together with the research and analysis company Novus.
The question of whether the Swedish mining industry should be given the conditions to develop in order to secure access to important metals was also asked in a survey that SGU did together with the SOM institute in 2019. At that time, 52 percent of the respondents indicated that they fully or partially agreed with that statement. The attitude towards the mining industry has thus become more positive in the last three years.
- This is in line with the fact that we are beginning to see the raw material dependence we have on other countries at the societal level and also an increased understanding that we need to mine more metals and minerals to cope with the green transition, says SGU's director general Anneli Wirtén .
The survey carried out by Novus also shows that nearly seven out of ten (68%) think that the Swedish mining industry is important for creating more jobs and about the same number (73%) think that the mining industry is important for the Swedish economy. Every second person (49%) can imagine having an active mine in their immediate area and just over every third person (36%) can imagine working in the mining industry.
- It is very positive for the continued development of the Swedish mining industry and our security of supply. Not least because interest in the mining industry and access to skills are central to the industry's success, says Anneli Wirtén.
When it comes to the environmental aspects of the mining industry, seven out of ten (69%) believe that there is a conflict between the mining industry and environmental issues. At the same time, four out of ten (44%) think that the mining industry is important for reducing negative climate impacts, while one out of ten (10%) states that it is rather or completely unimportant. Almost half (47%) take a position neither for nor against.
- Mining always involves an environmental impact. In Sweden, we have strong environmental legislation, which provides good conditions for generating the smallest possible impact locally, while the raw materials that are extracted are necessary for technology that reduces climate impact globally, says Anneli Wirtén.
SGU is tasked by the government to work to create good conditions for the sustainable use of the country's mineral resources. The authority must also promote sustainable growth and entrepreneurship in the mining sector.
The survey was conducted in December 2022 and includes 2,046 interviews.
The full report from the Novus survey is published here:
Download the report Knowledge and attitude about/to SGU and the view of the Swedish mining industry"
https://www.sgu.se/om-sgu/nyheter/2023/januari/mer-positiv-installning-till-gruvnaringen-i-sverige/

 

[cosors]

Judging by the broad grin on Mark’s face from his latest Twitter post today suggests he’s not too worried about a couple of NIMBYs derailing the World’s Greenest Anode coming online!

Pleased to see he’s in Europe coinciding with the permit hearing and interesting to note him saying in his post about Talnode Si “scaling up for EU markets and beyond”. I still think the US market is squarely in focus for future Talnode Si commercialisation strategy alongside Europe.

Thank you for pointing this. I see and I agree with you!

I have a very crude thought and I'm interested in what you think about it. We haven't heard from NV in a very long time and the last thing announced was the possible ACC deal with 60% of the capa. I know NV has a licence to make anodes themselves and suspect they can. I have also seen pictures of anode foils, but they are probably bought in from China. Now my abstruse thought: What if NV doesn't care about the possible ACC deal because they are only waiting for the permit and the pre-treated graphite, i.e. no anodes? We also know that with a permit Talga would be allowed to mine 120,000t instead of 100,000. This can be seen in the application documents. This would also not come under the capa of anode production. There was already a presumption of tolerance here. What if NV does not want anodes but only the graphite? Please don't beat me up if my imagination runs away with me.

 

[Diogenese]

Judging by the broad grin on Mark’s face from his latest Twitter post today suggests he’s not too worried about a couple of NIMBYs derailing the World’s Greenest Anode coming online!

Pleased to see he’s in Europe coinciding with the permit hearing and interesting to note him saying in his post about Talnode Si “scaling up for EU markets and beyond”. I still think the US market is squarely in focus for future Talnode Si commercialisation strategy alongside Europe.

Thanks TC,

There is a lot of talk about solid state improving battery capacity by north of 50%. In trials with 9% Talnode-Si in Talnode-C anodes capacity was increased by about 40%, which cuts the alleged advantage of SS significantly.

Let's not forget:

https://mining.com.au/talga-plans-t...duce-silicon-anode-for-lithium-ion-batteries/

Talga plans to expand pilot plant in Germany to produce silicon anode for lithium-ion batteries​

ByHarry Mulholland
14 December 2022

Recent qualification and pilot trials completed with a global electric vehicle (EV) manufacturer confirmed Talnode-Si’s performance under commercial cell manufacturing conditions, with lithium-ion batteries containing 9% Talnode-Si boosting battery energy capacity by around 40%. Test results of first-cycle efficiency and 500 cycle life to date also exceeded customer targets at this stage of development.

... and unblended Talnode-Si suggests that SS is an expensive white elephant:

https://www.greencarcongress.com/2022/12/20221227-talnode.html

Testing of unblended Talnode-Si silicon anode material shows ~5x energy capacity of graphite-only anodes​

27 December 2022​

Battery anode and materials company Talga Group reported that recent testing by a global Tier-1 EV manufacturer of unblended Talnode-Si—demonstrated ~5x the energy capacity of graphite-only commercial anodes (1,800mAh/g vs 360mAh/g). Talnode-Si is a composite of graphite, graphene and ~50% silicon designed to boost battery energy capacity when blended into existing commercial graphite anode materials.

Talnode-Si will be more expensive than Talnode-C because of the additional process steps, but SS batteries will also be more expensive than carbon anode lithium batteries.

Difficult to compare energy densities because of the different units.*


https://www.quantumscape.com/technology/

A: The higher energy density of QuantumScape solid-state lithium-metal cells, at our target of 1,000 Wh/L, would translate to more range in electric vehicles, potentially a 50-80% improvement vs today’s leading electric vehicles, depending on the vehicle design. Thus, for example, a vehicle that gets 200 miles of range could get between 300 and 400 miles of range.


* PS: I tried to do the conversion but ended up with 2817.4 Ah/L for Talnode-Si, so I gave up. Still, I'm sure Mark would be happy to achieve those figures.

 

[cosors]

I didn't know anything about that.

"Talga​

GERMANY​

FOLLOW ON TWITTER
Talga Advanced Materials GmbH, located in Rudolstadt Germany, is the wholly owned test processing and distribution facility of battery anode and advanced materials company Talga Group. Talga develops innovative graphene and graphite products for the global energy storage, composites and coatings markets amongst others. Its German entity operates the Group’s processing technology test facility, graphene plant and distribution centre.
The Group’s advanced materials strategy focuses on identifying applications associated with commonly used materials that can be transformed and improved by Talga’s high-quality, cost competitive graphene additives and unique nanographite products. Talga works directly with targeted industry partners to develop the graphene additives and advanced material solutions that meet their needs.

Role in the project:​

Within the ReSolute project, Talga aims to harness the potential of Cyrene for the development of select products intended for use in batteries, coatings and inks."

About the project​

"The ReSolute project’s overall objective is to create a first of its kind industrial plant and downstream value chain for the adoption of 99% pure Cyrene™ – a non-toxic solvent made from certified, renewable, waste cellulosic biomass, which is a high performing alternative to NMP, DMF and DMAc. The plant will be sited in the Grand-Est Region (France) and will scale-up the current Cyrene™ production process to achieve 1,000 metric tons of output per year.
ReSolute brings together 11 key actors from 6 European countries representing the entire value chain, from feedstock to market uptake. The project will be carried out over 36 months, from October 2020 to September 2023, with an overall budget of € 23M including €11.6 M funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme and the Bio-based Industries Consortium (BIC)."
https://www.resolute-project.eu/

"A promising biorenewable solvent moves toward mass production capability​

Many chemicals are manufactured and stored in powder form, and taking advantage of them in reactions requires dissolving them in some sort of solution. Thus, solvents are critical to the chemical sector and to industries that rely on chemicals including the pharmaceutical sector. Dipolar aprotic solvents came into prominence in the 1960s with their ability to greatly enhance reactions, sometimes more than 100-fold, relative to common solvents like water and ethanol. However, many of these are facing increasing regulation due to their toxicity, and greener solutions are desperately needed. Cyrene is a biorenewable solvent whose production from cellulose also provides another valorisation pathway for the paper and pulp industries. EU funding of the ReSolute project is supporting the construction and operation of the first biorefinery dedicated to Cyrene mass production."
https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/887674



__________________________
And there may come news about the OCTOPUS Project. At least a final report on how things are going:

OCTOPUS: Optimised Components, Test and simulatiOn toolkits for Powertrains which integrate Ultra high speed motor Solutions​

Lead Participant: Advanced Electric Machines Limited

Funded Period:​

Dez. 19 - March 23

​

• Overview
• Organisations use the link
• People

Abstract​

"OCTOPUS builds on the success of previous Innovate UK project APEX.

**Advanced Electric Motors Research** and **The Thinking Pod innovations** will focus optimising the integrated motor and power electronics 'drive' technology and further integrating with a new transmission and thermal management system to deliver the ultimate single unit e-axle solution designed specifically to meet **Bentley Motors** performance specifications.

OCTOPUS will use the world class synchrotron and high performance computing systems available from the **Science & Technology Facilities Council** to build new multi-physics modelling solutions and expertise of the **University of Nottingham** to build power electronics modelling solutions and validate them with test data generated by 'looking through' the motor while its running at its maximum operating speed of 30,000rpm.

The prototype e-axle, manufactured by **Advanced Electric Machines** at their expanded manufacturing facility in Washington Tyne & Wear, will be tested to OEM Design Verification (DV) standards using the latest testing solutions and test specifications developed using both **University of Bath** and Bentley Motors vast powertrain testing experience, ensuring that it comes out of the project ready to be considered for a vehicle programme.

Looking beyond the next generation, OCTOPUS will develop a suite of technologies which target the 2035 Auto Council performance targets by integrating the latest thinking in Additive Manufacturing and nano-material technologies. **Hieta Technologies** will deliver beyond state of the art thermal management and lighweighting solutions in both the motor and transmission while **Talga Resources** UK will develop materials for high performance motor windings delivering an aluminium based solution which will aim to out perform copper.

By working on these technologies alongside the core e-axle design, OCTOPUS will aim to accelerate and focus their development with a view to incorporating successful elements into the testing and prototype units, laying the foundations for future design verification programmes.

At the end of OCTOPUS the project team will deliver:

* **An e-axle prototype** incorporating the latest magnet free motor, wide band gap power electronics and lightweight transmission systems, tested to OEM DV standards using a new test protocol proven on next generation test facilities
* **A new multi-physics simulation modelling toolkit** incorporating electromagnetic, mechanical, thermal and NVH solvers operating simultaneously, validated by a never before demonstrated x-ray analysis technique
* **Next generation lightweight high performance component systems**, integrating the latest material and manufacturing techniques and tested at component, sub-system and system level and with an integration route into future e-axle designs"
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=105389

 

[TentCity]

Thank you for pointing this. I see and I agree with you!

I have a very crude thought and I'm interested in what you think about it. We haven't heard from NV in a very long time and the last thing announced was the possible ACC deal with 60% of the capa. I know NV has a licence to make anodes themselves and suspect they can. I have also seen pictures of anode foils, but they are probably bought in from China. Now my abstruse thought: What if NV doesn't care about the possible ACC deal because they are only waiting for the permit and the pre-treated graphite, i.e. no anodes? We also know that with a permit Talga would be allowed to mine 120,000t instead of 100,000. This can be seen in the application documents. This would also not come under the capa of anode production. There was already a presumption of tolerance here. What if NV does not want anodes but only the graphite? Please don't beat me up if my imagination runs away with me.

Hi Cosors

I could never beat up our #1 poster on Talga!!!

I genuinely don’t know which way the TLG-NV commercial relationship is going to take. I’ve been in the camp that a deal will be done for all the obvious synergies and political goodwill this would generate. I recall @catdog did a deep dive on the extent of infrastructure NV has established on the anode side, so I think he would be better placed to judge whether that you propose could be feasible.

The other thought I had regarding NV is perhaps they could be one of the possible ‘strategic investor’ parties that are doing due diligence taking an equity stake alongside or instead of Mitsui. If that was the case, then the investment would also include offtake arrangements, which is why we haven’t heard anything on that front yet.

 

[cosors]

Hi Cosors

I could never beat up our #1 poster on Talga!!!

I genuinely don’t know which way the TLG-NV commercial relationship is going to take. I’ve been in the camp that a deal will be done for all the obvious synergies and political goodwill this would generate. I recall @catdog did a deep dive on the extent of infrastructure NV has established on the anode side, so I think he would be better placed to judge whether that you propose could be feasible.

The other thought I had regarding NV is perhaps they could be one of the possible ‘strategic investor’ parties that are doing due diligence taking an equity stake alongside or instead of Mitsui. If that was the case, then the investment would also include offtake arrangements, which is why we haven’t heard anything on that front yet.

Of course you can Everyone has his focus. I am totally one sided. You don't want to know about my abysses But I have a partial back-up in our group in case I make a mistake : )

I wonder if catdog is the Foxdog in the BRN group

 

[WheresTheMonkey]

Although there should not be anything significant in it we are due for a new Quarterly on Tuesday

 

[Diogenese]

BillerudKorsnäs may well have been using Talga graphene, which is a by-product of our graphite refining process, but as it transpires, they were using Spanish graphene (el graphino) - see @cosors pot below.

In your upper post, there is reference to Cyrene as a renewable solvent derived from cellulose. In the lower article, they talk of using starch to facilitate dispersion of graphene.


The main difference between Starch and Cellulose is that in Starch, the glucose repeat units are all situated in the same direction, whereas in Cellulose, each glucose unit is rotated by 180 degrees around the polymer chain axis. Starch is a glucose polymer where all repeat units are situated in one direction.

The second article talks about a barrier against water vapour, which task apparently cellophane fails.

Abstract​

A single coating formulation for multifunctional composites, such as a gas barrier against both oxygen and water vapour, is the holy grail for the packaging industry.


Cellophane is a thin, transparent sheet made of regenerated cellulose. Its low permeability to air, oils, greases, bacteria, and liquid water makes it useful for food packaging. Cellophane is highly permeable to water vapour, but may be coated with nitrocellulose lacquer to prevent this.

Cellophane is also used in transparent pressure-sensitive tape, tubing and many other similar applications.

Cellophane is compostable and biodegradable, and can be obtained from biomaterials.[1] Production, however, uses carbon disulfide (CS2), which has been found to be highly toxic to workers.[2] The lyocell process, however, can be used to produce cellulose film without involving carbon disulfide.[3]

A possibly related BillerudKorsnäs patent

WO2020233852A1 PRODUCTION OF SHEETS COMPRISING FIBRILLATED CELLULOSE

There is provided a method of producing a sheet comprising fibrillated cellulose, comprising the steps of: a) providing chemically modified cellulose fibres in which a chargeable moiety has been introduced and the C2-C3 bond has been broken in at least part of the D-glucose units, wherein the charge density measured according to SCAN-CM 65:02 is 150-1500 μeq/g; b) forming a fibre web by dewatering a slurry comprising the modified cellulose fibres; and c) adding a base to the fibre web so as to obtain the sheet comprising fibrillated cellulose.

[0024] To the slurry, various additives may be added that forms part of the sheets to introduce functionalities to the sheet. Such additive can be graphite or graphene to produce a conductive sheet (see Example 8 below). The additive can also be cationic polymers that make the sheet antimicrobial, wherein examples of such cationic polymers are cationic polyvinylamine (PVAm) and cationic chitosan. It is possible to add more than one type of additive to introduce multiple functionalities. Instead of addition to the slurry, the additive(s) can also be added together with the base in step c).

 

[cosors]

Robin 2 - 08.01.2023

Robin 4 - 06.01.2022

Talga’s Graphene Ship Coating Reaches Key Milestone in Sea Trials​

in International Shipping News 09/03/2021

The 33,000t cargo ship Robin 1 (previously Algarrobo) recently docking in UK port

Is it time to take a closer look at the result
After my odyssey I have already given up on which ship is which one and who owns it. I have lost the overview. So choose which is which, two of them are partly coated with graphene in the red area.

But wait

https://graphene-flagship.eu/graphene/news/talga-s-graphene-coated-ships-sail-safer-and-last-longer/

The Algarrobo later became Robin 1 and then Songa Puma
2022-09-2

2022-09-2

2022-09-23

And the Songa Puma really doesn't look like it will have to go into dock any time soon. What a bummer.
But which is the other of the two ships, Robin 2 or 4? Better not start again from the beginning, another topic...

________
"Billions of euros are spent on technologies to protect marine vessels, like ships, tankers and their equipment against water’s harmful effects. Rain and stormy seas cause the structures of vessels to corrode heavily, which necessitates spending on repairs and replacement materials. What’s more, the traditional method of protection, where epoxy primer is applied to a ship’s entire structure, causes damage to the ocean’s ecology over time.

Talcoat has already been applied to two active commercial cargo ships in what’s believed to be the world’s largest application of graphene, and the sea trials have reported positive results. Graphene also shows strong potential as a coating material for other products."
https://graphene-flagship.eu/graphene/news/graphene-soars-towards-the-marketplace/

__________
For the archive, I didn't know about Biomer https://www.biomertechnology.co.uk/

Talga and Biomer to develop Graphene-enhanced TPU for industrial coatings​

Australian company Talga Resources Ltd. has signed a joint development agreement with UK based polymer manufacturer Biomer Technology Ltd. to co-develop graphene-enhanced thermoplastics for potential commercialisation in the coating market.

Under the terms of the joint development agreement Biomer will design and synthesise thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU) incorporating Talga’s graphene products for evaluation in industrial coating (marine anti-fouling) amongst other applications. The incorporation of amounts of "Talphene" into Biomer’s proprietary TPU is expected to improve a range of key performance characteristics including chemical resistance, mechanical strength, wear & abrasion resistance, biocompatibility/biofouling, surface finish and electrical conductivity.

Joint development of new polyurethane products​

Talga Managing Director Mark Thompson: "We are excited to enter this agreement with Biomer that provides an accelerated path to new polyurethane products and expanded commercial opportunities”. Managing Director Simon Dixon : "We look forward to working with Talga’s research team in Cambridge and its unique functionalised graphene formulations which, through the joint development agreement, will provide the ideal platform to realise these opportunities.”"
https://www.european-coatings.com/a...graphene_enhanced-tpu-for-industrial-coatings

 

[cosors]

BillerudKorsnäs may well be using Talga graphene, which is a by-product of our graphite refining process.

In your upper post, there is reference to Cyrene as a renewable solvent derived from cellulose. In the lower article, they talk of using starch to facilitate dispersion of graphene.


The main difference between Starch and Cellulose is that in Starch, the glucose repeat units are all situated in the same direction, whereas in Cellulose, each glucose unit is rotated by 180 degrees around the polymer chain axis. Starch is a glucose polymer where all repeat units are situated in one direction.

The second article talks about a barrier against water vapour, which task apparently cellophane fails.

Abstract​

A single coating formulation for multifunctional composites, such as a gas barrier against both oxygen and water vapour, is the holy grail for the packaging industry.


Cellophane is a thin, transparent sheet made of regenerated cellulose. Its low permeability to air, oils, greases, bacteria, and liquid water makes it useful for food packaging. Cellophane is highly permeable to water vapour, but may be coated with nitrocellulose lacquer to prevent this.

Cellophane is also used in transparent pressure-sensitive tape, tubing and many other similar applications.

Cellophane is compostable and biodegradable, and can be obtained from biomaterials.[1] Production, however, uses carbon disulfide (CS2), which has been found to be highly toxic to workers.[2] The lyocell process, however, can be used to produce cellulose film without involving carbon disulfide.[3]

A possibly related BillerudKorsnäs patent

WO2020233852A1 PRODUCTION OF SHEETS COMPRISING FIBRILLATED CELLULOSE

There is provided a method of producing a sheet comprising fibrillated cellulose, comprising the steps of: a) providing chemically modified cellulose fibres in which a chargeable moiety has been introduced and the C2-C3 bond has been broken in at least part of the D-glucose units, wherein the charge density measured according to SCAN-CM 65:02 is 150-1500 μeq/g; b) forming a fibre web by dewatering a slurry comprising the modified cellulose fibres; and c) adding a base to the fibre web so as to obtain the sheet comprising fibrillated cellulose.

[0024] To the slurry, various additives may be added that forms part of the sheets to introduce functionalities to the sheet. Such additive can be graphite or graphene to produce a conductive sheet (see Example 8 below). The additive can also be cationic polymers that make the sheet antimicrobial, wherein examples of such cationic polymers are cationic polyvinylamine (PVAm) and cationic chitosan. It is possible to add more than one type of additive to introduce multiple functionalities. Instead of addition to the slurry, the additive(s) can also be added together with the base in step c).

I quickly deleted the post with Biller because this one research project was actually done with graphene from a Spanish producer. But either way, graphene is a super exciting thing. It's just that everything doesn't happen nearly as fast as many assumed at the beginning. The development of mass products takes a lot of time and on top of that there is the price, which we will soon be able to quote downwards. Just undercut all the others and and the matter is settled.


The Frauenhofer Institute has an excellent reputation in Germany.

"New study predicts first mass products based on graphene from 2025​

January 25, 2021

After a comprehensive three-year evaluation, scientists from the Fraunhofer ISI evaluated the industrialization status and the prospects for commercialization of graphene-based applications as part of the EU research initiative Graphene Flagship and recorded them in a roadmap. The results are summarized in two new publications.

What about the announced applications of graphene and related materials? Thanks to initiatives such as the European Union's Graphene Flagship and heavy investment from industry, the time is now ripe to produce graphene-based prototypes and niche applications. Researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research ISI have published two new publications as part of the Graphene Flagship, presenting a roadmap for the expected future market launch of graphene applications.

Discovery of thousands of layered materials​

In 2004, graphene was still produced by peeling away atomically thin layers of graphite. Today, thanks in part to the advances made possible by the Graphene Flagship, high volumes of graphene can be produced with reliable and reproducible quality. In addition, the Graphene Flagship has promoted the discovery of thousands of layered materials that are complementary to graphene in their properties and applications, and has also strived for standardization in the manufacture of graphene to ensure consistency and trustworthiness.
The new publications by Fraunhofer ISI scientists, which have appeared in the journal 2D Materials, provide an overview of the latest results of the Technology and Innovation Roadmap, a process that explores the different routes to industrialization and commercialization of graphene and related materials . In particular, these articles summarize the impact that graphene and related materials will have on production processes and the emergence of new value chains. https://graphene-flagship.eu/

Graph applications are already available in the market​

"Our goal is to integrate graphene and related materials into everyday products and manufacturing," says Dr. Henning Döscher, who heads the work of the graph roadmap team at Fraunhofer ISI. "We continuously analyze the scientific and technological advances in this field and their potential to meet future industrial needs. Our first two Graphene Roadmap Briefs summarize some of the most exciting results," he adds. "Graphene and related materials add value throughout the value chain, from improvement and creation of new materials to improvement of individual components and finally end products." Some graphene applications such as composites or coatings are already available on the market. Industry will soon be able to translate the latest innovations into concrete products and applications and start manufacturing batteries, solar cells, electronic devices or medical technologies.
"The market demand for graphene has almost quadrupled in the last two years," explains Dr. Thomas Reiß, co-leader of the roadmap project at Fraunhofer ISI. "By strengthening standards and creating bespoke, high-value materials, we expect to go beyond niche products and applications to broad market penetration by 2025," he adds. "Then graphene could be used in ubiquitous consumer goods such as tires, batteries and electronic devices."

Europe must remain at the forefront of graphene applications​

The upcoming decade is crucial on the way to commercialization of graphene and related materials. "By 2030 we will see whether graphene is really as disruptive as silicon or steel," says Döscher. 'The Graphene Flagship has already shown that graphene is useful for numerous applications,' he adds. 'Now we need to ensure that Europe remains at the forefront of this field, to ensure we reap the economic and societal impact of developing such innovations.'
Alexander Tzalenchuk, who leads the industrialization arm at the Graphene Flagship, says: "The release of the Roadmap Briefs comes at a good time and is welcomed by the industry, which will bring about innovations based on graphene and related materials. More confidence in graphene -based products is an important prerequisite for industrial acceptance.Based on the market analysis and technology assessment of the Graphene Flagship Roadmap, this is another important contribution, which is a professional validation of the properties of graphene and related materials, graphene-enhanced components, devices and systems through the development of consensus-based and accepted international standards."
Kari Hjelt, Head of Innovation of the Graphene Flagship, adds: "We are seeing a strong increase in interest in graphene in various industrial sectors, as illustrated by the eleven Graphene Flagship Spearhead projects, all led by industrial partners. The first mass applications are paving the way to emerging high value-added areas in electronics and biomedical applications. In the near future, we will witness the transformative power of graphene across many industries. The updates from the Technology and Innovation Roadmap team shed light on the path ahead for both research and for the industry is still ahead of us."
https://www.isi.fraunhofer.de/de/presse/2021/presseinfo-01-Graphen-Roadmap-Briefs.html


______________________
and in third place in the world's leading Graphene Flagship was Talga

Graphene Flagship:

"Our top ten graphene news stories of 2021​

The Graphene Flagship continues succeeding in its goal of bringing graphene and layered materials to the European market. Funded by the European Commission, our project develops new technologies to revolutionise industry, from sustainable transportation to efficient communications.​

This short article reviews the most visited news stories on our website over the past year. The complexity of the pandemic is reflected in the gargantuan interest in new graphene-enabled solutions related to healthcare and medical technologies, among them new solutions to treat anxiety and sensors for quick COVID-19 detection.
Discover the full list below! And if you’re interested in learning more about our project and reading some more about graphene and other two-dimensional materials, check out other publications by the Graphene Flagship, like our Graphene Magazine. It’s full of fancy features, fun facts and personal stories – an ideal read for the holidays.
Enjoy, and have a wonderful start to the new year!

1. Graphene oxide sooths anxiety symptoms

Graphene Flagship researchers have discovered that graphene oxide inhibits anxiety-related behaviours in a model study. They found that injecting graphene oxide into a specific region of the brain silences the neurons responsible for anxious behaviour.

1. Graphene sensors to detect low-frequency neural waves

Graphene Flagship scientists have developed a sensor that detects brain signals in a wide frequency band, from extremely low frequencies to high frequency oscillations. The sensor is biocompatible and could be used to measure and predict brain states.

1. Graphene-coated ships sail safer and last longer

Graphene Flagship Associated Member Talga has developed a functionalised graphene additive that improves the corrosion resistance of marine coatings. The graphene-enhanced coating is being trialled on two commercial freight ships in active service.

1. Understanding the health and safety of graphene

Graphene and layered materials have made an impact on many different fields, and new applications are emerging every day. So, as for all evolving technologies, it is crucial to consider their safety.

1. Meet Paola Galli: she develops graphene for 5G communications

Paola Galli is an expert in photonic transceivers for next-generation optical networks, who introduced Nokia Italy to the Graphene Flagship consortium. She also leads the Graphene Flagship Spearhead Project METROGRAPH, which aims to devise a low-cost optical transceiver to transmit and receive data with graphene-enabled photonics.

1. Graphene Flagship spin-off raises over €14 million

Graphene Flagship spin-off INBRAIN Neuroelectronics develops intelligent graphene-based neural implants for personalised therapies in brain disorders. In 2021, the company announced a €14.35M Series A investment, one of the biggest rounds in the Spanish MedTech industry.

1. Graphene textiles yield lightweight conductive fabrics

Graphene Flagship Associated Member Grafren AB develops smart textiles using their newly-patented method to separate high-quality graphene flakes. With their first patent recently granted, we took the opportunity to sit down and chat with Erik Khranovskyy, their CEO.

1. Ceramics and graphene offer new bone-like materials

Graphene Flagship Partnering Project CERANEA develops graphene-filled ceramic sandwiches that deliver materials with enhanced properties and functionalities. These materials could find numerous applications, including biomedical implants, optoelectronic devices, sensors and batteries.

1. Graphene Flagship study predicts increased market penetration by 2025

Graphene Flagship experts identify key opportunities in graphene commercialisation after a comprehensive three-year analysis of production methods and potential applications. Now, our researchers have published two papers that roadmap the expected future mass introduction of graphene and related materials in the market.

1. Graphene-enabled TestNPass for COVID detection

Graphene-based digital biosensors will accelerate our return to normality with a simple, efficient solution to screen passengers. That’s why our researchers designed TestNpass: to empower people with a standalone COVID-19 test, while preserving their data and privacy."
https://graphene-flagship.eu/graphene/news/our-top-ten-graphene-news-stories-of-2021/

2022: https://graphene-flagship.eu/graphene/news/top-11-graphene-flagship-news-stories-of-2022/

 

[Diogenese]

I quickly deleted the post with Biller because this one research project was actually done with graphene from a Spanish producer. But either way, graphene is a super exciting thing. It's just that everything doesn't happen nearly as fast as many assumed at the beginning. The development of mass products takes a lot of time and on top of that there is the price, which we will soon be able to quote downwards. Just undercut all the others and and the matter is settled.


The Frauenhofer Institute has an excellent reputation in Germany.

"New study predicts first mass products based on graphene from 2025​

January 25, 2021

After a comprehensive three-year evaluation, scientists from the Fraunhofer ISI evaluated the industrialization status and the prospects for commercialization of graphene-based applications as part of the EU research initiative Graphene Flagship and recorded them in a roadmap. The results are summarized in two new publications.

What about the announced applications of graphene and related materials? Thanks to initiatives such as the European Union's Graphene Flagship and heavy investment from industry, the time is now ripe to produce graphene-based prototypes and niche applications. Researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research ISI have published two new publications as part of the Graphene Flagship, presenting a roadmap for the expected future market launch of graphene applications.

Discovery of thousands of layered materials​

In 2004, graphene was still produced by peeling away atomically thin layers of graphite. Today, thanks in part to the advances made possible by the Graphene Flagship, high volumes of graphene can be produced with reliable and reproducible quality. In addition, the Graphene Flagship has promoted the discovery of thousands of layered materials that are complementary to graphene in their properties and applications, and has also strived for standardization in the manufacture of graphene to ensure consistency and trustworthiness.
The new publications by Fraunhofer ISI scientists, which have appeared in the journal 2D Materials, provide an overview of the latest results of the Technology and Innovation Roadmap, a process that explores the different routes to industrialization and commercialization of graphene and related materials . In particular, these articles summarize the impact that graphene and related materials will have on production processes and the emergence of new value chains. https://graphene-flagship.eu/

Graph applications are already available in the market​

"Our goal is to integrate graphene and related materials into everyday products and manufacturing," says Dr. Henning Döscher, who heads the work of the graph roadmap team at Fraunhofer ISI. "We continuously analyze the scientific and technological advances in this field and their potential to meet future industrial needs. Our first two Graphene Roadmap Briefs summarize some of the most exciting results," he adds. "Graphene and related materials add value throughout the value chain, from improvement and creation of new materials to improvement of individual components and finally end products." Some graphene applications such as composites or coatings are already available on the market. Industry will soon be able to translate the latest innovations into concrete products and applications and start manufacturing batteries, solar cells, electronic devices or medical technologies.
"The market demand for graphene has almost quadrupled in the last two years," explains Dr. Thomas Reiß, co-leader of the roadmap project at Fraunhofer ISI. "By strengthening standards and creating bespoke, high-value materials, we expect to go beyond niche products and applications to broad market penetration by 2025," he adds. "Then graphene could be used in ubiquitous consumer goods such as tires, batteries and electronic devices."

Europe must remain at the forefront of graphene applications​

The upcoming decade is crucial on the way to commercialization of graphene and related materials. "By 2030 we will see whether graphene is really as disruptive as silicon or steel," says Döscher. 'The Graphene Flagship has already shown that graphene is useful for numerous applications,' he adds. 'Now we need to ensure that Europe remains at the forefront of this field, to ensure we reap the economic and societal impact of developing such innovations.'
Alexander Tzalenchuk, who leads the industrialization arm at the Graphene Flagship, says: "The release of the Roadmap Briefs comes at a good time and is welcomed by the industry, which will bring about innovations based on graphene and related materials. More confidence in graphene -based products is an important prerequisite for industrial acceptance.Based on the market analysis and technology assessment of the Graphene Flagship Roadmap, this is another important contribution, which is a professional validation of the properties of graphene and related materials, graphene-enhanced components, devices and systems through the development of consensus-based and accepted international standards."
Kari Hjelt, Head of Innovation of the Graphene Flagship, adds: "We are seeing a strong increase in interest in graphene in various industrial sectors, as illustrated by the eleven Graphene Flagship Spearhead projects, all led by industrial partners. The first mass applications are paving the way to emerging high value-added areas in electronics and biomedical applications. In the near future, we will witness the transformative power of graphene across many industries. The updates from the Technology and Innovation Roadmap team shed light on the path ahead for both research and for the industry is still ahead of us."
https://www.isi.fraunhofer.de/de/presse/2021/presseinfo-01-Graphen-Roadmap-Briefs.html


______________________
and in third place in the world's leading Graphene Flagship was Talga

Graphene Flagship:

"Our top ten graphene news stories of 2021​

The Graphene Flagship continues succeeding in its goal of bringing graphene and layered materials to the European market. Funded by the European Commission, our project develops new technologies to revolutionise industry, from sustainable transportation to efficient communications.​

This short article reviews the most visited news stories on our website over the past year. The complexity of the pandemic is reflected in the gargantuan interest in new graphene-enabled solutions related to healthcare and medical technologies, among them new solutions to treat anxiety and sensors for quick COVID-19 detection.
Discover the full list below! And if you’re interested in learning more about our project and reading some more about graphene and other two-dimensional materials, check out other publications by the Graphene Flagship, like our Graphene Magazine. It’s full of fancy features, fun facts and personal stories – an ideal read for the holidays.
Enjoy, and have a wonderful start to the new year!

1. Graphene oxide sooths anxiety symptoms

Graphene Flagship researchers have discovered that graphene oxide inhibits anxiety-related behaviours in a model study. They found that injecting graphene oxide into a specific region of the brain silences the neurons responsible for anxious behaviour.

1. Graphene sensors to detect low-frequency neural waves

Graphene Flagship scientists have developed a sensor that detects brain signals in a wide frequency band, from extremely low frequencies to high frequency oscillations. The sensor is biocompatible and could be used to measure and predict brain states.

1. Graphene-coated ships sail safer and last longer

Graphene Flagship Associated Member Talga has developed a functionalised graphene additive that improves the corrosion resistance of marine coatings. The graphene-enhanced coating is being trialled on two commercial freight ships in active service.

1. Understanding the health and safety of graphene

Graphene and layered materials have made an impact on many different fields, and new applications are emerging every day. So, as for all evolving technologies, it is crucial to consider their safety.

1. Meet Paola Galli: she develops graphene for 5G communications

Paola Galli is an expert in photonic transceivers for next-generation optical networks, who introduced Nokia Italy to the Graphene Flagship consortium. She also leads the Graphene Flagship Spearhead Project METROGRAPH, which aims to devise a low-cost optical transceiver to transmit and receive data with graphene-enabled photonics.

1. Graphene Flagship spin-off raises over €14 million

Graphene Flagship spin-off INBRAIN Neuroelectronics develops intelligent graphene-based neural implants for personalised therapies in brain disorders. In 2021, the company announced a €14.35M Series A investment, one of the biggest rounds in the Spanish MedTech industry.

1. Graphene textiles yield lightweight conductive fabrics

Graphene Flagship Associated Member Grafren AB develops smart textiles using their newly-patented method to separate high-quality graphene flakes. With their first patent recently granted, we took the opportunity to sit down and chat with Erik Khranovskyy, their CEO.

1. Ceramics and graphene offer new bone-like materials

Graphene Flagship Partnering Project CERANEA develops graphene-filled ceramic sandwiches that deliver materials with enhanced properties and functionalities. These materials could find numerous applications, including biomedical implants, optoelectronic devices, sensors and batteries.

1. Graphene Flagship study predicts increased market penetration by 2025

Graphene Flagship experts identify key opportunities in graphene commercialisation after a comprehensive three-year analysis of production methods and potential applications. Now, our researchers have published two papers that roadmap the expected future mass introduction of graphene and related materials in the market.

1. Graphene-enabled TestNPass for COVID detection

Graphene-based digital biosensors will accelerate our return to normality with a simple, efficient solution to screen passengers. That’s why our researchers designed TestNpass: to empower people with a standalone COVID-19 test, while preserving their data and privacy."
https://graphene-flagship.eu/graphene/news/our-top-ten-graphene-news-stories-of-2021/

2022: https://graphene-flagship.eu/graphene/news/top-11-graphene-flagship-news-stories-of-2022/

Thanks Cosors,

I've made the adjustment to my post.

Talking about anatomically thin layers, the original graphene discovery was made using sticky tape to peel layers off graphite, so I thought about buying Durex shares, so you can imagine my surprise when I found they were originally the London Rubber Company and British Latex Products Ltd.

Graphene was my original reason for buying Talga shares, but Mark has taken us on an excitingly different journey, but we may well end up coming full circle, particularly as recycling anodes produces graphene.

 

[cosors]

Thanks Cosors,

I've made the adjustment to my post.

Talking about anatomically thin layers, the original graphene discovery was made using sticky tape to peel layers off graphite, so I thought about buying Durex shares, so you can imagine my surprise when I found they were originally the London Rubber Company and British Latex Products Ltd.

Graphene was my original reason for buying Talga shares, but Mark has taken us on an excitingly different journey, but we may well end up coming full circle, particularly as recycling anodes produces graphene.

"Make Thuringia the center (from Germany) for 2D materials
...
one main argument:
In addition, Talga GmbH in Rudolstadt, one of the world's largest graphene producers, has a seat in Freistaat/Thüringen."
https://www.uni-jena.de/221004-2dforum

There is also a research centre for polymers there in Rudolstadt the TITK where Talga is a member. They do research on textile fibres or concrete, for example.
https://www.titk.de/home/

 

[cosors]

Don't be astonished that I come back with this old story from time to time. I just want to check in retrospect at regular intervals what has become of it.

 

[DAH]

I think it will be something like the last demonstration in Vittangi. I don't think we can compare that at all with what happened in Germany. Here there were nationwide calls and there are big cities nearby. Even Greta was caught. But she is too sensible not to weigh the potential with this resource correctly, that's how I assess her. And don't forget, this is about something that will help to reduce emissions and not increase them like coal in Germany. I expect a peaceful demonstration of hardliners and NIMBYs. Some are against it because a new mine and a new factory means more Co² emissions. These people don't care about the big picture, how this mine can significantly reduce pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. They are partly blinded by the fear they have stoked themselves. IMHO

@cosors I know there will be at least one Aussie in town to counter these so called NIMBY'S.

PS: Jump on a weekend sleeper train and it's my shout! Cheers

 

[cosors]

@cosors I know there will be at least one Aussie in town to counter these so called NIMBY'S.

PS: Jump on a weekend sleeper train and it's my shout! Cheers
View attachment 28069

I would love to do that
I have already dealt with some here. Unfortunately, they never exceed their own pool of opinions
But better other topic...

WoW You are on the spot! What are you doing there?
Two or three years ago my dream was to visit Lulea and visit the then newly established Aussi BBQ House. I admit to being assimilated piece by piece by your food and drink culture
So, now that I know you are there, I have to think first. Luckily it's the weekend! Whether I really go up times and what kind of detail questions I have. I have to concentrate ...

I am excited, you are there - WoW!

___
I have saved your photo. Am quite excited. But now I have to start thinking.
___
Stay until the 31st then you can explain to them that they are fighting for more greenhouse gases and pollution when they are fighting against it.
Calm cosors, it's the weekend, calm down, chill pill and a beer

___
Maybe you could ask who breaks the ore and concentrates and where?
___
And what the second ship is called
And maybe a photo through the windows at Swerim around the corner. Maybe there are breadcrumbs lying around
And you could ask if Talga is working with NV. If I remember correctly one of the Talga team is from NV. He should know.
___
Actually, you're right I should travel up to the 31st, I love the winter anyway because I can sit so cozy by the fireplace. How do I get my work negated or ignored
I could really talk to them with Swedish interpreter. I can be very stubborn. The reality must be to get in their heads