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Thanks for the info. And now I finally know what Oz stands for:) Since you mention Ecograf, I don't know if it matters but I posted here on tse at EGR that their plant at NV is history. Stumbled across it.

Yes Funding. That really looks like a lot of options. But that's why they have the second financial advisor now and they seem to be specialized.

Another question. I assume that deposited collateral is normal in mining. Do I mean some kind of cash deposit or something to be liquidated or rather insurance? I think the collateral we are asking for is about how damages will be paid in the event of a dam failure?
"deposited collateral" ?...............not in the mining industry in my time. It kind of defeats the purpose of raising Debt

Deposits of cash are more common in securing letters of credit LC (i.e. I'm importing from you so my bank talks to your bank and your bank guarantees you will put the merchandise on a ship and my bank guarantees your bank that it will pay you once your bank proves the merchandise is on board the ship via third party documents like a Bill of Lading). I would need to give my bank security by having enough cash in the bank so they can cover the payment when they have proof. They would place a "cash hold" over the amount needed so my bank cash cannot dip below the LC amount

TLG would use such a mechanism for its customers but not to build a mine

I think TLG will get its Debt either from

Option A) Swedish Export Credit Corporation ("SEK") or EU money

Or

Option B) An OEM that wants to guarantee it's supply well into the future including the Niska Expansion.

I think MT will definitely avoid an equity raise but he will be looking for a very very long term partner that will provide cheap Debt in return for Anode in vast quantities and provide great stability well into the future.

We might start off using SEK to get the 19,000 tonne Capex done but later payout SEK and transition to Option B

But as you were saying
Acting Crystal Ball GIF by American Masters on PBS
 
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Interesting video with Simon Moores from Benchmark minerals.



Highlights the urgency for battery and car manufacturers to secure raw materials, the looming shortage and high prices.

Massive expansion of the industry is expected. Panasonic's new factory in Kansas alone will require 60 kt/a of anode.



Over 90% of battery electrodes currently come from China.

1658563771914.png
 
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Graphite deficit starting this year, as demand for EV battery anode ingredient exceeds supply​

Rick Mills - Ahead of the Herd | July 22, 2022 | 1:16 pm Battery Metals Markets Graphite
Zen’s graphite aced university test

Flake graphite. (Image by 2×910, Wikimedia Commons).

Although EV market share is still tiny compared to traditional vehicles, that is likely to change in the coming years as major economies transition away from fossil fuels and move into clean energy.
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US President Joe Biden has signed an executive order requiring that half of all new vehicle sales be electric by 2030. China, the world’s biggest EV market, has a similar mandate that requires electric cars to make up 40% of all sales. The European Union is also seeking to have at least 30 million zero-emission vehicles on its roads by then.
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According to the IEA’s Global Electric Vehicle Outlook, if governments are able to ramp up their efforts to meet energy and climate goals, the global electric vehicle fleet could reach as high as 230 million by the end of the decade, compared to about 20 million currently.

With more electric cars comes the need for more raw materials like lithium, nickel and graphite to build batteries. The IEA believes mineral demand for use in EVs and battery storage must grow at least 30 times by 2040 to meet various climate goals.

Fastmarkets forecast that EV sales will experience a compound annual growth rate of 40% per year through 2025, when EV penetration is expected to reach 15%. After that, EV market share is expected to rise further, reaching 35% by 2030.
One mineral that has been overlooked, but is an essential part of vehicle electrification, is graphite.

At AOTH, we believe graphite represents a “backdoor” market opportunity brought about by the clean energy transition. This is for several reasons:

Graphite as anode material

The lithium-ion battery used to power electric vehicles is made of two electrodes — an anode (negative) on one side and a cathode (positive) on the other. At the moment, graphite is the only material that can be used in the anode, there are no substitutes.

This is due to the fact that, with high natural strength and stiffness, graphite is an excellent conductor of heat and electricity. Being the only other natural form of carbon besides diamonds, it is also stable over a wide range of temperatures.

The cathode is where metals like lithium, nickel, manganese and cobalt are used. Depending on the battery chemistry, there are different options available to battery makers (see below).
image-57.png

Graphite is thus considered indispensable to the global shift towards electric vehicles. It is also the largest component in lithium-ion batteries by weight, with each battery containing 20-30% graphite. But due to losses in the manufacturing process, it actually takes 30 times more graphite than lithium to make the batteries.

According to the World Bank, graphite accounts for nearly 53.8% of the mineral demand in batteries, the most of any. Lithium, despite being a staple across all batteries, accounts for only 4% of demand.

An electric car contains more than 200 pounds (>90 kg) of coated spherical purified graphite (CSPG), meaning it takes 10 to 15 times more graphite than lithium to make a Li-ion battery.

Graphite is so essential to a lithium battery, that Tesla’s Elon Musk famously said, “Our cells should be called Nickel-Graphite, because primarily the cathode is nickel and the anode side is graphite with silicon oxide.”

Demand overflow

The anode material, called spherical graphite, is manufactured from either flake graphite concentrates produced from graphite mines, or from synthetic/artificial graphite. Only flake graphite upgraded to 99.95% purity can be used.

An average plug-in EV has 70 kg of graphite, or 10 kg for a hybrid. Every 1 million EVs requires about 75,000 tonnes of natural graphite, equivalent to a 10% increase in flake graphite demand.

According to Benchmark Mineral Intelligence (BMI), the flake graphite feedstock required to supply the world’s lithium-ion anode market is projected to reach 1.25 million tonnes per annum by 2025. The amount of mined graphite for all uses in 2021, was just 1 million tonnes. (USGS)
Furthermore, the London-based price reporting agency forecasts demand for graphite from the battery anode segment could increase by seven times in the next decade as the growth in EV sales continues to drive construction of lithium-ion megafactories.

image-58.png


BloombergNEF expects demand for battery minerals to remain robust through 2030, with graphite demand increasing four-fold.
The International Energy Agency (IEA) goes 10 years further out, predicting that growth in demand for selected minerals from clean energy technologies by scenario, 2020 relative to 2040, will see: increases of lithium 13x to 42x, graphite 8x to 25x, cobalt 6x to 21x, nickel 7x to 19x, manganese 3x to 8x, rare earths 3x to 7x, and copper 2x to 3x.

image-59.png
Source: UBS
image-60.png
Source: IEA

Supply squeeze

As vehicle electrification continues, and few new sources are discovered worldwide, BMI estimates the graphite market could reach a deficit as early as this year, with the supply shortfall growing to 8Mt by 2040; to fill this gap, the mining industry would need to produce nearly 8x as much graphite as it does currently, over the next 18 years.

image-61.png
Source: BMI
On June 7, in an article titled ‘How a battery metals squeeze puts EV future at risk’, The Washington Post reported, Factory lines churning out power packs to fuel a clean energy future are being built faster than strained supply chains can keep up. A global rush to lock in stocks of lithium, nickel, cobalt and other key ingredients from a handful of nations has sent prices hurtling higher… While factories can be built in about 18 months, mines can typically take seven years or longer to come online.

June saw repeated concerns over the supply of battery metals forecast for the decade ahead, including from Tesla. CEO Elon Musk reportedly explained that production has been hindered by raw material shortages and shutdowns of assembly lines in China.

Lack of diverse supply

Almost all graphite processing today takes place in China because of the ready availability of graphite there, weak environmental standards and low costs. Nearly 60% of the world’s mined production last year also came from China, making it a dominant player in every stage of the graphite supply chain.

After China, the next leading graphite producers are Mozambique, Brazil, Madagascar, Canada and India. The US does not produce any natural graphite, therefore it must rely solely on imports to satisfy domestic demand.

image-62.png
Data source: USGS. Image by Visual Capitalist

The level of foreign dependence has increased over the years. The US imported 38,900 tonnes of graphite in 2016, then peaking at 70,700 tonnes in 2018.

The latest publication from the USGS shows that imports in 2021 totaled 53,000 tonnes, of which 71% was high-purity flake graphite, 42% was amorphous, and 1% was lump and chip graphite.

The main import sources were China (33%), Mexico (21%), Canada (17%) and India (9%).
image-63.png

Since China controls all spherical graphite processing, the US is not actually 33% dependent on China for its battery-grade graphite, but 100%.
This is why the US government has included graphite among the 35 minerals that it deems “critical to its national security and economy.”

A White House report on critical supply chains showed that graphite demand for clean energy applications will require 25 times more graphite by 2040 than was produced worldwide in 2020.

Graphite pricing

The value of natural graphite has increased significantly over the course of the past year, with demand continuing to outstrip supply. According to Benchmark Mineral Intelligence, prices have gone up steadily since January 2021 on all types of graphite, with fines increasing 44.50% from USD$500/ton in January of 2021 to $723/t in May of 2022. Using those same dates, large flake graphite prices climbed 19.85% from $983/t to $1,187/t, and spherical graphite rose 8.39% from $2,958/t to $3,207/t.

More recently, flake and spherical graphite prices are both up slightly. According to Fastmarkets, for the week ending June 16, the spot price of China flake graphite 194 EXW was up 0.37% over 30 days, and 19.39% over 360 days. Graphite produced at 94-97% purity is considered best suited for batteries, before it is upgraded to 99.99% purity to make spherical graphite. Spherical graphite 99.95% min EXW China was up 1.58% over the past 30 days, for the week ended June 16.

China flake graphite 94% C (-100 mesh) was priced at $830 per ton, with Europe flake graphite of the same grade and size selling for $920/t.

image-64.png
Source: Fastmarkets

Conclusion

During a time of price weakness for a number of industrial metals (copper, zinc, aluminum, for example), the price of graphite, being critical to the electric-vehicle transition, has held up extremely well.

Flake and spherical graphite are both trending higher, in fact the prices of all types of graphite (fines, large flake, spherical) have increased significantly since January 2021, on the back of robust demand from battery-makers and EV manufacturers, and limited supply.

According to BMI, in 2022 demand for lithium-ion batteries is growing at its fastest ever, on course for a year-on-year growth rate of nearly 50%.
image-65.png
Source: BMI
While this will increase the need for other battery minerals, such as lithium, nickel and cobalt, graphite remains the highest-intensity mineral in the lithium-ion battery by weight, with over 570,000 tonnes of natural flake to be consumed in 2022.

Yet as Seeking Alpha observes, consumer demand for electric vehicles surpasses our ability to supply them. Waiting times for EVs are lengthening, a lithium ion battery shortage is hitting many automakers, and, most crucially, key raw material prices are at all-time highs.

This bodes well for companies with large graphite deposits in safe jurisdictions, that can not only capitalize on high prices, but contribute to the local graphite supply chain and lessen the dependence on China for graphite mining and especially, graphite processing.

For years neglected by governments, critical minerals like graphite are finally getting the attention they deserve. In June, the Canadian government unveiled its low-carbon industrial strategy, that will see Ottawa partnering with each province to “identify, prioritize and pursue opportunities”. Specific to critical minerals, this means battery manufacturing in Quebec and electric vehicle production in Ontario.

Natural Resources Minister Jonathan Wilkinson pointed to CAD$3.8 billion already earmarked for critical minerals in the April budget. On top of that, “we have a billion and a half dollars in the Clean Fuels Fund, we have eight billion dollars in the Net Zero Accelerator, we’re setting up the Clean Growth Fund, we have the Canada Infrastructure Bank,” Bloomberg quoted him saying. He added:

“The average mine takes 15 years to bring into production. In the context of the energy transition, we don’t have 15 years if we’re actually going to provide enough of the minerals to be able to support just the battery development. So it behooves us to bring everybody into the room to figure out how to do it.”

At AOTH, we couldn’t agree more. Canada’s new industrial strategy dovetails with what is happening south of the border.

The US, which has long sought to improve its battery supply chain, recently invoked its Cold War powers by including lithium, nickel, cobalt, graphite and manganese on the list of items covered by the 1950 Defense Production Act, previously used by President Harry Truman to make steel for the Korean War.

To bolster domestic production of these minerals, US miners can now access $750 million under the act’s Title III fund, which can be used for current operations, productivity and safety upgrades, and feasibility studies. The DPA could also cover the recycling of these materials.

Later this year, the Department of Energy will begin doling out $6 billion in grants for battery production, half of which are earmarked for domestic supplies of materials and battery recycling.

The Biden administration has already allocated $6 billion as part of the $1.2 trillion infrastructure bill, towards developing a reliable battery supply chain and weaning the auto industry off its reliance on China, the biggest EV market and leading producer of lithium-ion cells.

Among the minerals key to winning the global EV race, graphite arguably is most significant and should be a top priority for the US, given it is the essential ingredient in electric vehicle batteries.

A global graphite shortage is a matter of when, not if, without new sources of supply. For the US, which is 100% dependent on foreign imports of the material, it’s a ticking time bomb that could completely derail the nation’s vehicle electrification and decarbonization ambitions.

This all goes back to the importance of establishing a reliable, secure and sustainable “mine to battery” EV supply chain, beginning with a domestic graphite source and integrating it with processing, manufacturing and recycling to create a full circular economy.

(By Richard Mills)

 
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cosors

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"Green transition cannot be left to China​

Sweden will need more mines

PUBLISHED: JUNE 22

Aftonbladet's editorial page is independent social democratic.

Carl Schlyter must be excused, but we can't do without mines. Especially not when the economy has to be adjusted for sustainability.

The former environmentalist is now a spokesperson for Greenpeace. He seems to think that recycling is enough and does not seem to want to mine minerals or see factories spring up.


Making himself impossible in the Green Party must be an achievement, but Schlyter succeeded. With such friends, the climate needs no enemies.

In fact, metals are already being recycled on a large scale. For example, 40 percent of Swedish steel is made from scrap.

When I lived in Smedjebacken for a few years in the late 1990s, I could see parts of the Red Army passing the steel mill's scrapyard about to be melted down. Today, the process may be going in the other direction, but scrap is still the raw material for large parts of the steel industry.

But it doesn't help when we know that the new climate-smart technology often requires more minerals. And the worst is with subjects that have become more important than ever. Indium, cobalt, rare earths and graphite for example.

There is not enough to recycle because the needs multiply. In addition, the systems are needed to make use of the small amounts used in each product.

The bureaucrats have even come up with their own name for these desirable substances. In government investigations and plans from Brussels, they are called "innovation-critical minerals".

To put it bluntly, the European climate change is in the hands of China
They are needed for emission-free cars, batteries and wind turbines. For smart control systems and efficient electrical systems. Today, almost everything is imported, often from one or a handful of countries.

To put it bluntly, the European climate change is in the hands of China and a world market that has no worries about child labor or financing militias in Africa.

Everyone should read Staffan Lindberg and Urban Andersson's report " Blood batteries " again.

What it means to depend on others for necessary resources we should have learned this spring.

It didn't have to be this way. A great many of the "innovation-critical minerals" are found in our country. Often also in large quantities.

Society must of course recycle everything we can. Mineral mining involves interference with nature and challenges for the local community. Nobody wants to see abandoned mines or mining towns. And scandals like the one at the Blaiken mine must not happen. But new mines will be needed in Sweden.

Just over a year ago, the government appointed an inquiry with the task of reviewing the permit processes for mines. The task was to secure the supply, not least of the minerals needed to change.

Recently, the investigation received additional directives . Now it will be looked at whether the need for these critical minerals should have a greater impact in the legislation.

A sign of a more balanced view of the mining industry? In that case, I think it is high time."
https://www.aftonbladet.se/ledare/a/PoVnkp/gruvor-mineraler-for-gron-omstallning-finns-i-sverige

"Innovation-critical metals" are given special status​


PUBLISHED: JUNE 9

The government is updating an earlier investigation into a sustainable supply of so-called innovation-critical metals and minerals.

- What we are asking the investigation to look at is whether it is possible to distinguish innovation-critical metals and minerals from non-critical ones, such as iron, said Minister of Economic Affairs Karl-Petter Thorwaldsson (S) at a press conference on Thursday.


Today there is no such distinction. According to Sweden's Geological Survey (SGU), examples of innovation-critical metals are indium, cobalt, the rare earth metals and graphite.

- The green transformation and electrification of society will require new technology and new energy solutions, which in turn require greater access to special innovation-critical metals and minerals than before, says Karl-Petter Thorwaldsson."
https://www.aftonbladet.se/minekonomi/a/47pqXV/innovationskritiska-metaller-ges-sarstallning
 
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cosors

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I find our mention interesting especially because it is in a study on SSB.


"2.3. Graphite

In the case of graphite, as it is mainly sourced and produced in China to date, its GWP reflects the energy input of the fossil fuel dominated grid mix in the country.
graphite.png


The study finds that producing graphite in Europe has a significantly lower impact compared to China, thanks to a greater share of renewable energy in its grid mix. While short-term innovation in the battery chemistry space will include silicon into graphite anodes, future SSB chemistries are expected to move away from graphite in the future in favour of lithium-metal anodes.

Low-carbon graphite in Europe is a reality today. Talga, an Australian battery anode and graphene additives company, is in fact scaling up its operations in northern Sweden creating a vertically integrated supply chain able to deliver high-quality graphite with a low CO2 footprint* for batteries made in Europe. Opportunities such as this one in Europe can be further incentivised by the upcoming carbon footprint rules in the proposed Battery Regulation.
_____
*https://www.talgagroup.com/news/lif...hts-talgas-world-leading-green-battery-anode/" (I have fixed this link)

https://www.transportenvironment.or...07/2022_07_TE_solid-state-batteries_study.pdf

https://www.transportenvironment.org/
© 2022 European Federation for Transport and Environment AISBL


Before questions arise. Here is the study:
https://www.transportenvironment.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/2022_07_LCA_research_by_Minviro.pdf
and here who created it:
https://www.minviro.com/who-we-are/
 
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cosors

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I find our mention interesting especially because it is in a study on SSB.


"2.3. Graphite

In the case of graphite, as it is mainly sourced and produced in China to date, its GWP reflects the energy input of the fossil fuel dominated grid mix in the country.
View attachment 12430

The study finds that producing graphite in Europe has a significantly lower impact compared to China, thanks to a greater share of renewable energy in its grid mix. While short-term innovation in the battery chemistry space will include silicon into graphite anodes, future SSB chemistries are expected to move away from graphite in the future in favour of lithium-metal anodes.

Low-carbon graphite in Europe is a reality today. Talga, an Australian battery anode and graphene additives company, is in fact scaling up its operations in northern Sweden creating a vertically integrated supply chain able to deliver high-quality graphite with a low CO2 footprint* for batteries made in Europe. Opportunities such as this one in Europe can be further incentivised by the upcoming carbon footprint rules in the proposed Battery Regulation.
_____
*https://www.talgagroup.com/news/lif...hts-talgas-world-leading-green-battery-anode/" (I have fixed this link)

https://www.transportenvironment.or...07/2022_07_TE_solid-state-batteries_study.pdf

https://www.transportenvironment.org/
© 2022 European Federation for Transport and Environment AISBL


Before questions arise. Here is the study:
https://www.transportenvironment.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/2022_07_LCA_research_by_Minviro.pdf
and here who created it:
https://www.minviro.com/who-we-are/
I add this link because of the funny name of the author 😲
https://www.miningmagazine.com/sust...s-environmental-impact-of-graphite-production
 
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cosors

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They want the Gallok/Beowulf/iron difference. Gallok is far from being digested. Now comes the thought of what is really important. A few weeks old but that's not what matters:

""Innovation-critical metals" are given special status
PUBLISHED: JUNE 9

The government is updating an earlier investigation into a sustainable supply of so-called innovation-critical metals and minerals.

- What we are asking the investigation to look at is whether it is possible to distinguish innovation-critical metals and minerals from non-critical ones, such as iron, said Minister of Economic Affairs Karl-Petter Thorwaldsson (S) at a press conference on Thursday.

Today there is no such distinction. According to Sweden's Geological Survey (SGU), examples of innovation-critical metals are indium, cobalt, the rare earth metals and graphite.

- The green transformation and electrification of society will require new technology and new energy solutions, which in turn require greater access to special innovation-critical metals and minerals than before, says Karl-Petter Thorwaldsson."
https://www.aftonbladet.se/minekonomi/a/47pqXV/innovationskritiska-metaller-ges-sarstallning

When that will be implemented and what that means for us I can't say but I think it's a step in the right direction.
 
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scep

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They want the Gallok/Beowulf/iron difference. Gallok is far from being digested. Now comes the thought of what is really important. A few weeks old but that's not what matters:

""Innovation-critical metals" are given special status

PUBLISHED: JUNE 9

The government is updating an earlier investigation into a sustainable supply of so-called innovation-critical metals and minerals.

- What we are asking the investigation to look at is whether it is possible to distinguish innovation-critical metals and minerals from non-critical ones, such as iron, said Minister of Economic Affairs Karl-Petter Thorwaldsson (S) at a press conference on Thursday.

Today there is no such distinction. According to Sweden's Geological Survey (SGU), examples of innovation-critical metals are indium, cobalt, the rare earth metals and graphite.

- The green transformation and electrification of society will require new technology and new energy solutions, which in turn require greater access to special innovation-critical metals and minerals than before, says Karl-Petter Thorwaldsson."
https://www.aftonbladet.se/minekonomi/a/47pqXV/innovationskritiska-metaller-ges-sarstallning

When that will be implemented and what that means for us I can't say but I think it's a step in the right direction.
Thanks cosors.
A special status for graphite will come in handy when the real expansion of Talga's production is planned. Sweden is nicely transforming into an active expansionary mining country.
On a private note: I am now looking for more investments in Sweden and expect a 'critical resource rush' in the foreseeable future.
 
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Micreg

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Thanks cosors.
A special status for graphite will come in handy when the real expansion of Talga's production is planned. Sweden is nicely transforming into an active expansionary mining country.
On a private note: I am now looking for more investments in Sweden and expect a 'critical resource rush' in the foreseeable future.
Here’s an article about AUS mining companies in Sweden - with Talga getting the key mention. Also notes that Talga has some big Australian and European backers: https://smallcaps.com.au/australian-explorers-return-sweden-hunt-energy-metals/
 
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Great to see Mark ramping up the investor communication after what has been a very quiet year.

Given he hasn’t been to Sweden since before Covid (as far as i know), I wonder what was the catalyst for the timing of this trip. Not that he needs much of a reason as CEO to visit the nerve centre and it is overdue as far as i am concerned, but he has mostly left Martin Phillips to manage all the affairs in Europe. I wonder if he might be meeting with Mitsui’s Europe team to finalise the details of the MOU or is it to finalise a deal with an alternate 3rd party before the end of the month.

We shall know either way in the next two weeks, but I certainly welcome the increased investor communication. Based on the confident language he used in the investor webinar, it sounds like he has financing lined up for long lead items ahead of construction. I suspect we may hear about that by the end of the month.
 
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cosors

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Great to see Mark ramping up the investor communication after what has been a very quiet year.

Given he hasn’t been to Sweden since before Covid (as far as i know), I wonder what was the catalyst for the timing of this trip. Not that he needs much of a reason as CEO to visit the nerve centre and it is overdue as far as i am concerned, but he has mostly left Martin Phillips to manage all the affairs in Europe. I wonder if he might be meeting with Mitsui’s Europe team to finalise the details of the MOU or is it to finalise a deal with an alternate 3rd party before the end of the month.

We shall know either way in the next two weeks, but I certainly welcome the increased investor communication. Based on the confident language he used in the investor webinar, it sounds like he has financing lined up for long lead items ahead of construction. I suspect we may hear about that by the end of the month
Thanks @Gero !

Yes, it's nice to see him twice in short time. He makes a very confident impression.
His statement and grin says it all for me: great to be back
I can imagine that he will still be in Norrbotten the next week to follow the biggest mining up to now. I had wondered who is in this photo. Do any of you recognize the persons?
1660478510126.png
 
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cosors

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Thanks @Gero !

Yes, it's nice to see him twice in short time. He makes a very confident impression.
His statement and grin says it all for me: great to be back
I can imagine that he will still be in Norrbotten the next week to follow the biggest mining up to now. I had wondered who is in this photo. Do any of you recognize the persons?
View attachment 14168
Can this be Mr. Rinnan :unsure:
https://www.talgagroup.com/about/governance/

https://www.businessnews.com.au/Person/Ola-Rinnan
 
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Manual

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And with apologies if this has already been shared; a Wired article published yesterday with graphite battery supply in focus ref. the US Inflation Reduction Act

“Qualifying vehicles have to be manufactured in North America, and be made up, at least in part, of raw materials that are extracted and processed, and then refined and assembled into batteries, either in the US or in countries with which the US has friendly trade relations. (In other words: not in China.) The bill amounts to a sweeping attempt to stand up a US-led supply chain for the next generation of vehicles.”

 
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Semmel

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And with apologies if this has already been shared; a Wired article published yesterday with graphite battery supply in focus ref. the US Inflation Reduction Act

“Qualifying vehicles have to be manufactured in North America, and be made up, at least in part, of raw materials that are extracted and processed, and then refined and assembled into batteries, either in the US or in countries with which the US has friendly trade relations. (In other words: not in China.) The bill amounts to a sweeping attempt to stand up a US-led supply chain for the next generation of vehicles.”


Yeah, not posted so far and supposed to be signed by Biden today. Will be interesting how this plays out as it's very US centric and is surprisingly positive for Tesla (previous attempts of this bill were tailored against Tesla). With Tesla being a very likely customer of Talga, this might have a positive impact on Talga in about 5 years or so. But I don't see much more connection than that. Europe wants to establish a local supply chain including graphite anode and not ship it to the US.
 
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