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Airbus SE (/ˈɛərbʌs/; French: [ɛʁbys] ⓘ; German: [ˈɛːɐ̯bʊs] ⓘ; Spanish: [ˈejɾβus]) is a European[8] multinational aerospace corporation. The company’s primary business is the design and manufacturing of commercial aircraft but it also has separate defence and space and helicopter divisions. Since 2019, Airbus has been the world's largest manufacturer of airliners as well as the leading helicopter manufacturer.[9][10]
The company was incorporated as the European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company (EADS) in the year 2000 through the merger of the French Aérospatiale-Matra, the German DASA and Spanish CASA. The new entity subsequently acquired full ownership of its subsidiary, Airbus Industrie GIE, a joint venture of European aerospace companies originally incorporated in 1970 to develop and produce a wide-body aircraft to compete with American-built airliners. EADS rebranded itself as Airbus SE in 2015. Reflecting its multinational origin, the company operates major offices and assembly plants in France, Germany, Spain, and the United Kingdom, along with more recent additions in Canada, China, and the United States.[11]
Airbus' headquarters are legally registered in Leiden, Netherlands, but daily management is conducted from the company's main office located in Blagnac, France.[12] The SE in its corporate name stands for Societas Europaea.[13] The company is led by CEO Guillaume Faury and is a component of the EURO STOXX 50 stock market index.[14] Since its inception in 2000, the company’s shares have been listed on the Paris Stock Exchange, the Frankfurt Stock Exchange and the four regional Spanish stock exchanges (including the Bolsa de Madrid).[15]
In 2024, following similar ventures launched in Singapore and the Netherlands, Airbus announced its plans to establish a Tech Hub in Japan, to foster partnerships for the next generation aircraft development.[16]
The current company is the product of consolidation in the European aerospace industry, tracing back to the formation of the Airbus Industrie GIE consortium in 1970. In 2000, the European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company (EADS) NV was established. In addition to other subsidiaries pertaining to security and space activities, EADS owned 100% of the pre-existing Eurocopter SA, established in 1992, as well as 80% of Airbus Industrie GIE. In 2001, Airbus Industrie GIE was reorganised as Airbus SAS, a simplified joint-stock company. In 2006, EADS acquired BAE Systems' remaining 20% of Airbus.[17] EADS NV was renamed Airbus Group NV and SE in 2014 and 2015, respectively.[18][19][20] Due to the dominance of the Airbus SAS division within Airbus Group SE, the executive committees of the parent and subsidiary companies were aligned in January 2017, but the companies were kept as separate legal entities. The holding company was given its present name in April 2017.[21]
The logos of Airbus Industrie GIE and Airbus SAS displayed a stylised turbine symbol, redolent of a jet engine, and a font similar to Helvetica Black. The logo colours were reflected in the standard Airbus aircraft livery in each period. The EADS logo between 2000 and 2010 combined the logos of the merged companies, DaimlerChrysler Aerospace AG (a four-ray star) and Aérospatiale-Matra (a curved arrow), after which these elements were removed and a new font with 3D shading was chosen. This font was retained in the logos of Airbus Group NV (2014–2015) and Airbus Group SE (2015–2017), then Airbus SE:
Airbus A300, the company's first airliner and the world's first wide-body, twinjet aircraft
The Airbus product line started with the A300 in 1972, the world's first wide-body, twinjet aircraft. The aircraft greatly benefited from the 1976 introduction of the ETOPS 90 rule, which allowed twinjet aircraft to operate up to 90 minutes (increased from 60 minutes) away from the nearest airport. Under the new rule, the A300 was able to operate over the North Atlantic, the Bay of Bengal, and the Indian Ocean more efficiently than the trijets and four-engined jet aircraft offered by competitors. A shorter, re-winged, re-engineered variant of the A300, known as the A310, followed in 1982. The aircraft would remain in production until 2007.
Airbus A320, the company's best-selling airliner
Building on its success with the A300, Airbus worked to develop a narrow-body aircraft along with additional wide-body aircraft based on the A300.
The narrow-body efforts led to the launch of the A320 in 1987, which was and continues to be a major commercial success. The A320 was the first commercial jet to use a digital fly-by-wire control system. All Airbus aircraft developed since then have cockpit systems similar to the A320, making it easier to train crew. The success led Airbus to introduce a lengthened version, the A321 in 1993, along with the shorter A319 in 1995 and the even shorter A318 in 2002. In 2016, Airbus re-engineered the narrow-body family, in a programme called the A320neo (new engine option).
The wide-body programme led to the introduction of the four-engine A340 in 1991 and the twinjet A330 in 1992. At that time, Airbus wanted to offer four-engined jet aircraft to allow for longer transatlantic and transpacific flights. However, during the aircraft's development, new rules extended twinjet operations to 120 minutes in 1986, and 180 minutes in 1989. Although the new rules hurt sales of the A340, they greatly benefited the A330. Production of the A340 ended in 2011, while the A330 would be re-engineered as the A330neo (new engine option) in 2018.
The world's largest passenger airliner was introduced by Airbus in 2005; the A380 was a four-engine aircraft with two full-length passenger seating decks. Intended to challenge the dominance of the Boeing 747 in the long-haul market, the A380 was ultimately a money-losing venture for Airbus due to large development costs and limited sales, and production ended in January 2022.
The A350, a wide-body, twinjet aircraft was introduced in 2013. The A350 was the first Airbus aircraft made largely from carbon-fiber-reinforced polymers. It is longer and wider than the fuselage used on the A300, A310, A330, and A340.
A second narrow-body jet was added to the product list in 2018 when Airbus gained control of the Bombardier CSeries programme, and rebranded it as the A220. The jet offers five-abreast seating compared to the six-abreast seating on the A320.
Product list and details (date information from Airbus)
Data as of 29 February 2024.[22]
Revenues by division, as of 2023:
Commercial aircraft (72%)
Defence and Space (17%)
Helicopters (11%)
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Esq.
A Little on Airbus ,
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| |
Lagardère production plant in Blagnac, France | |
| Formerly |
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|---|---|
| Company type | Public |
| Traded as |
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| ISIN | NL0000235190 |
| Industry | Aerospace, defence |
| Predecessor | Aérospatiale, CASA, DASA, Matra |
| Founded | 18 December 1970; 53 years ago |
| Headquarters | |
| Area served | Worldwide |
| Key people | |
| Products | |
| Revenue |
|
| Operating income |
|
| Net income |
|
| Total assets |
|
| Total equity |
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| Owner | |
| Number of employees | 147,893 (2023) |
| Divisions | |
| Subsidiaries |
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| Website | airbus.com |
| Footnotes / references Financials as of 31 December 2022. References:[5][6][7] |
The company was incorporated as the European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company (EADS) in the year 2000 through the merger of the French Aérospatiale-Matra, the German DASA and Spanish CASA. The new entity subsequently acquired full ownership of its subsidiary, Airbus Industrie GIE, a joint venture of European aerospace companies originally incorporated in 1970 to develop and produce a wide-body aircraft to compete with American-built airliners. EADS rebranded itself as Airbus SE in 2015. Reflecting its multinational origin, the company operates major offices and assembly plants in France, Germany, Spain, and the United Kingdom, along with more recent additions in Canada, China, and the United States.[11]
Airbus' headquarters are legally registered in Leiden, Netherlands, but daily management is conducted from the company's main office located in Blagnac, France.[12] The SE in its corporate name stands for Societas Europaea.[13] The company is led by CEO Guillaume Faury and is a component of the EURO STOXX 50 stock market index.[14] Since its inception in 2000, the company’s shares have been listed on the Paris Stock Exchange, the Frankfurt Stock Exchange and the four regional Spanish stock exchanges (including the Bolsa de Madrid).[15]
In 2024, following similar ventures launched in Singapore and the Netherlands, Airbus announced its plans to establish a Tech Hub in Japan, to foster partnerships for the next generation aircraft development.[16]
History[edit]
Main article: History of AirbusThe current company is the product of consolidation in the European aerospace industry, tracing back to the formation of the Airbus Industrie GIE consortium in 1970. In 2000, the European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company (EADS) NV was established. In addition to other subsidiaries pertaining to security and space activities, EADS owned 100% of the pre-existing Eurocopter SA, established in 1992, as well as 80% of Airbus Industrie GIE. In 2001, Airbus Industrie GIE was reorganised as Airbus SAS, a simplified joint-stock company. In 2006, EADS acquired BAE Systems' remaining 20% of Airbus.[17] EADS NV was renamed Airbus Group NV and SE in 2014 and 2015, respectively.[18][19][20] Due to the dominance of the Airbus SAS division within Airbus Group SE, the executive committees of the parent and subsidiary companies were aligned in January 2017, but the companies were kept as separate legal entities. The holding company was given its present name in April 2017.[21]
| Airbus (est. 2000, renamed 2017) |
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Original, for Airbus A300 -
2014–2017 -
2017–present
Products[edit]
Civilian[edit]
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Airbus A300, the company's first airliner and the world's first wide-body, twinjet aircraftThe Airbus product line started with the A300 in 1972, the world's first wide-body, twinjet aircraft. The aircraft greatly benefited from the 1976 introduction of the ETOPS 90 rule, which allowed twinjet aircraft to operate up to 90 minutes (increased from 60 minutes) away from the nearest airport. Under the new rule, the A300 was able to operate over the North Atlantic, the Bay of Bengal, and the Indian Ocean more efficiently than the trijets and four-engined jet aircraft offered by competitors. A shorter, re-winged, re-engineered variant of the A300, known as the A310, followed in 1982. The aircraft would remain in production until 2007.
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Airbus A320, the company's best-selling airlinerBuilding on its success with the A300, Airbus worked to develop a narrow-body aircraft along with additional wide-body aircraft based on the A300.
The narrow-body efforts led to the launch of the A320 in 1987, which was and continues to be a major commercial success. The A320 was the first commercial jet to use a digital fly-by-wire control system. All Airbus aircraft developed since then have cockpit systems similar to the A320, making it easier to train crew. The success led Airbus to introduce a lengthened version, the A321 in 1993, along with the shorter A319 in 1995 and the even shorter A318 in 2002. In 2016, Airbus re-engineered the narrow-body family, in a programme called the A320neo (new engine option).
The wide-body programme led to the introduction of the four-engine A340 in 1991 and the twinjet A330 in 1992. At that time, Airbus wanted to offer four-engined jet aircraft to allow for longer transatlantic and transpacific flights. However, during the aircraft's development, new rules extended twinjet operations to 120 minutes in 1986, and 180 minutes in 1989. Although the new rules hurt sales of the A340, they greatly benefited the A330. Production of the A340 ended in 2011, while the A330 would be re-engineered as the A330neo (new engine option) in 2018.
The world's largest passenger airliner was introduced by Airbus in 2005; the A380 was a four-engine aircraft with two full-length passenger seating decks. Intended to challenge the dominance of the Boeing 747 in the long-haul market, the A380 was ultimately a money-losing venture for Airbus due to large development costs and limited sales, and production ended in January 2022.
The A350, a wide-body, twinjet aircraft was introduced in 2013. The A350 was the first Airbus aircraft made largely from carbon-fiber-reinforced polymers. It is longer and wider than the fuselage used on the A300, A310, A330, and A340.
A second narrow-body jet was added to the product list in 2018 when Airbus gained control of the Bombardier CSeries programme, and rebranded it as the A220. The jet offers five-abreast seating compared to the six-abreast seating on the A320.
Product list and details (date information from Airbus)
| Aircraft | Description | Seats | 1st flight | Production end | Orders | Deliveries | Unfilled | In operation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A220 | 2 engines, narrow-body | 108–130 | 16 September 2013 | 914 | 322 | 592 | 322 | |
| A300 | 2 engines, wide-body | 228–254 | 28 October 1972 | 27 March 2007 | 561 | 561 | — | 219 |
| A310 | 2 engines, wide-body | 187 | 3 April 1982 | 27 March 1998 | 255 | 255 | — | 52 |
| A320 | 2 engines, narrow-body | 107–185 | 22 February 1987 | 18,460 | 11,328 | 7,132 | 10,630 | |
| A330 | 2 engines, wide-body | 246–300 | 2 November 1992 | 1,774 | 1,598 | 176 | 1,479 | |
| A340 | 4 engines, wide-body | 239–377 | 25 October 1991 | 10 November 2011 | 377 | 377 | — | 202 |
| A350 | 2 engines, wide-body | 270–350 | 14 June 2013 | 1,277 | 592 | 652 | 586 | |
| A380 | 4 engines, wide-body, double deck | 555 | 27 April 2005 | 1 January 2022 | 251 | 251 | — | 234 |
Organisation[edit]
Divisions[edit]
Revenues by division, as of 2023:
Commercial aircraft (72%)
Defence and Space (17%)
Helicopters (11%)
Commercial Aircraft[edit]
Commercial aircraft generated 74% of total revenue for the Airbus group in 2018 and 72% in 2023.[28][29] The key trends for Airbus Commercial Aircraft (excluding Defence, Space and Helicopters) are as of the financial year ending 31 December 2023:[30]Regards ,
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