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DESIGNLINES
AI & BIG DATA DESIGNLINE
Cars That Think Like You
By Sally Ward-Foxton 07.22.2022 0
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Car makers are checking out neuromorphic technology to implement AIâpowered features such as keyword spotting, driver attention, and passenger behavior monitoring.
Imitating biological brain processes is alluring because it promises to enable advanced features without adding significant power draw at a time when vehicles are trending towards batteryâpowered operation. Neuromorphic computing and sensing also promise benefits like extremely low latency, enabling realâtime decision making in some cases. This combination of latency and power efficiency is extremely attractive.
Hereâs the lowdown on how the technology works and a hint on how this might appear in the cars of the future.
With the rise of artificial intelligence, technologies claiming to be âbrain-inspiredâ are abundant. We examine what neuromorphic means today in our Neuromorphic Computing Special Project.
SPIKING NETWORKS
The truth is there are still some things about how the human brain works that we just donât understand. However, cuttingâedge research suggests that neurons communicate with each other by sending electrical signals known as spikes to each other, and that the sequences and timing of spikes are the crucial factors, rather than their magnitude. The mathematical model of how the neuron responds to these spikes is still being worked out. But many scientists agree that if multiple spikes arrive at the neuron from its neighbors at the same time (or in very quick succession), that would mean the information represented by those spikes is correlated, therefore causing the neuron to fire off a spike to its neighbor.
This is in contrast to artificial neural networks based on deep learning (mainstream AI today) where information propagates through the network at a regular pace; that is, the information coming into each neuron is represented as numerical values and is not based on timing.
Making artificial systems based on spiking isnât easy. Aside from the fact we donât know exactly how the neuron works, there is also no agreement on the best way to train spiking networks. Backpropagation â the algorithm that makes training deep learning algorithms possible today â requires computation of derivatives, which is not possible for spikes. Some people approximate derivatives of spikes in order to use backpropagation (like SynSense) and some use another technique called spike timing dependent plasticity (STDP), which is closer to how biological brains function. STDP, however, is less mature as a technology (BrainChip uses this method for oneâshot learning at the edge). There is also the possibility of taking deep learning CNNs (convolutional neural networks), trained by backpropagation in the normal way, and converting them to run in the spiking domain (another technique used by BrainChip).
SYNSENSE SPECK
SynSense is working with BMW to advance the integration of neuromorphic chips into smart cockpits and explore related fields together. BMW will be evaluating SynSenseâs Speck SoC, which combines SynSenseâs neuromorphic vision processor with a 128 x 128âpixel eventâbased camera from Inivation. It can be used to capture realâtime visual information, recognize and detect objects, and perform other visionâbased detection and interaction functions.
âWhen BMW replaces RGB cameras with Speck modules for vision sensing, they can replace not just the sensor but also a significant chunk of GPU or CPU computation required to process standard RGB vision streams,â Dylan Muir, VP global research operations at SynSense, told EE Times.
Using an eventâbased camera provides higher dynamic range than standard cameras, beneficial for the extreme range of lighting conditions experienced inside and outside the car.
BMW will explore neuromorphic technology for car applications, including driver attention and passenger behavior monitoring with the Speck module.
âWe will explore additional applications both inside and outside the vehicle in coming months,â Muir said.
SynSenseâs neuromorphic vision processor has a fully asynchronous digital architecture. Each neuron uses integer logic with 8âbit synaptic weights, a 16âbit neuron state, 16âbit threshold, and singleâbit input and output spikes. The neuron uses a simple integrateâandâfire model, combining the input spikes with the neuronâs synaptic weights until the threshold is reached, when the neuron fires a simple oneâbit spike. Overall, the design is a balance between complexity and computational efficiency, Muir said.
SynSenseâs electronic neuron is based on the integrateâandâfire model. (Source: SynSense)
SynSenseâs digital chip is designed for processing eventâbased CNNs, with each layer processed by a different core. Cores operate asynchronously and independently; the entire processing pipeline is event driven.
âOur Speck modules operate in realâtime and with low latency,â Muir said. âWe can manage effective inference rates of >20Hz at <5mW power consumption. This is much faster than what would be possible with traditional lowâpower compute on standard RGB vision streams.â
While SynSense and BMW will be exploring neuromorphic car use cases in the âsmart cockpitâ initially, there is potential for other automotive applications, too.
âTo begin with we will explore nonâsafetyâcritical use cases,â Muir said. âWe are planning future versions of Speck with higher resolution, as well as revisions of our DynapCNN vision processor that will interface with highâresolution sensors. We plan that these future technologies will support advanced automotive applications such as autonomous driving, emergency braking, etc.â
SynSense and Inivation Speck module â an eventâbased camera module which incorporates sensor and processor. (Source: SynSense)
BRAINCHIP AKIDA
The Mercedes EQXX concept car, debuted at CES 2022, features BrainChipâs Akida neuromorphic processor performing inâcabin keyword spotting. Promoted as âthe most efficient MercedesâBenz ever built,â the car takes advantage of neuromorphic technology to use less power than deep learning powered keyword spotting systems. This is crucial for a car that is supposed to deliver a 620âmile range (about 1,000 km) on a single battery charge, 167 miles further than Mercedesâ flagship electric vehicle, the EQS
Mercedes said at the time that BrainChipâs solution was 5 to 10Ă more efficient than conventional voice control when spotting the wake word âHey Mercedesâ.
Mercedesâ EQXX concept EV has a power efficiency of more than 6.2 miles per kWh, almost double that of the EQS. (Source: Mercedes)
âAlthough neuromorphic computing is still in its infancy, systems like these will be available on the market in just a few years,â according to Mercedes. âWhen applied at scale throughout a vehicle, they have the potential to radically reduce the energy needed to run the latest AI technologies.â
â[Mercedes is] looking at big issues like battery management and transmission, but every milliwatt counts, and the context of [BrainChipâs] inclusion was that even the most basic inference, like spotting a keyword, is important when you consider the power envelope,â Jerome Nadel, chief marketing officer at BrainChip, told EE Times.
Nadel said that a typical car in 2022 may have as many as 70 different sensors. For inâcabin applications, these sensors may be enabling facial detection, gaze estimation, emotion classification, and more.
âFrom a systems architecture point of view, we can do it in a 1:1 way, thereâs a sensor that will do a level of preâprocessing, and then the data will be forwarded,â he said. âThere would be AI inference close to the sensor and⌠it would pass the inference meta data forward and not the full array of data from the sensor.â
The idea is to minimize the size and complexity of data packets sent to AI accelerators in automotive head units, while lowering latency and minimizing energy requirements. With a potential for 70 Akida chips or Akidaâenabled sensors in each vehicle, Nadel said each one will be a âlowâcost part that will play a humble role,â noting that the company needs to be mindful of the bill of materials for all these sensors.
BrainChip sees its neuromorphic processor next to every sensor in a car. (Source: BrainChip)
Looking further into the future, Nadel said neuromorphic processing will find its way into ADAS and autonomous vehicle systems, too. There is potential to reduce the need for other types of powerâhungry AI accelerators.
âIf every sensor had a limited, say, one or two node implementation of Akida, it would do the sufficient inference and the data that would be passed around would be cut by an order of magnitude, because it would be the inference metadata⌠that would have an impact on the horsepower that you need in the server in the trunk,â he said.
BrainChipâs Akida chip accelerates spiking neural networks (SNNs) and convolutional neural networks (via conversion to SNNs). It is not tailored for any particular use case or sensor, so it can work with vision sensing for face recognition or person detection, or other audio applications such as speaker ID. BrainChip has also demonstrated Akida with smell and taste sensors, though itâs more difficult to imagine how these sensors might be used in automotive (smelling and tasting for air pollution or fuel quality, perhaps).
Akida is set up to process SNNs or deep learning CNNs that have been converted to the spiking domain. Unlike native spiking networks, converted CNNs retain some information in spike magnitude, so 2â or 4âbit computation may be required. This approach, hwoever, allows exploitation of CNNsâ properties, including their ability to extract features from large datasets. Both types of networks can be updated at the edge using STDP â in the Mercedes example, that might mean retraining the network to spot more or different keywords after deployment.
Mercedes used BrainChipâs Akida processor to listen for the keyword âHey Mercedesâ in the cabin of its EQXX concept EV. (Source: Mercedes)
Mercedes has confirmed that âmany innovationsâ, including âspecific components and technologiesâ from the EQXX concept car, will make it into production vehicles, reports Autocar. There is no word yet on whether new models of Mercedes will feature artificial brains.
RELATED TOPICS: AI, AI AND BIG DATA, AUTOMOTIVE, AUTOMOTIVE ARCHITECTURE, NEUROMORPHIC, NEUROMORPHIC ENGINEERING, NEUROMORPHIC RESEARCH, NEUROMORPHIC TECHNOLOGY, NEUROMORPHIC VISION, SENSOR
Hi SG.
I think we have similar tastes in cars. My first sports car was a gold 260Z, this was followed by a 300ZX, then an MX5, I looked at a Stinger but they are BIG and wouldn't fit in my garage with my gym. Ended up buying another special edition manual MX5, which was a major improvement on the old and is great fun to drive. Hence I'm not looking forward to when everything is autonomous.
Apparently the next MX5 will be hybrid and manual and faster. That could be my next car. View attachment 12270
Will miss you Rise.It's been fun. aidios people![]()
Great Taste in Cars.. although the MX5.. hmmm. Each to their own
The 240Z 260Z and 280Z, Fairlady Z are such a nice model. 300ZX very nice as well.
I regret selling two cars in my life.. VL Berlina wagon Turbo with the Nissan 3.0L and my Series 8 RX7 Twin Turbo.
Been waiting for Mazda to bring out a new Rotary or Hybrid (Rotary) Hopefully a new RX7 or RX9... fingers crossed.
You dont get ad's if you pay a subscription to this website. You give, and @zeeb0t takes them away. CoolCan you be careful @Townj what you put on here, even the ads are listening
Just had a VL Walkinshaw giveaway pop up , and now I have to enter goddammit ( no choice , wanted one very badly many moons ago )
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Agree, this is major if we have no reasonable explanation why he is leaving.....Will miss you Rise.
If you've had enough or just couldn't be bothered anymore, cool.
But certainly hope you haven't been bullied from these pages.
As I understand it, Zeeb0t is the ultimate arbiter here, as this is his universe we are all playing in.
Everyone else's comment is just an opinion.
In my opinionthe diversity, range, humour, personalities and disparate viewpoints expressed make this a place to come back to.
If whilst scrolling through I find content that I personally regard as irrelevant or boring its pretty easy to dismiss and move on.
So, I guess I'm advocating for tolerance here.
I think this place is pretty special, and would hate to see it become dominated by any particular agenda.
AKIDA BALLISTA
AKIDA EVERYWHERE
GLTAH
thinking
You dont get ad's if you pay a subscription to this website. You give, and @zeeb0t takes them away. Cool
I agree regarding my first mx5 a much earlier model, was a bit slow after the 300zx and skid control interfered too much. Was looking for a 370z but there was no dealer in Qld that had a manual version, then I saw this in the showroom and took for test drive. Absolutely nothing like previous version plus special Ed had some good upgrades.Great Taste in Cars.. although the MX5.. hmmm. Each to their own
The 240Z 260Z and 280Z, Fairlady Z are such a nice model. 300ZX very nice as well.
I regret selling two cars in my life.. VL Berlina wagon Turbo with the Nissan 3.0L and my Series 8 RX7 Twin Turbo.
Been waiting for Mazda to bring out a new Rotary or Hybrid (Rotary) Hopefully a new RX7 or RX9... fingers crossed.
I have been having the same thoughts.. the share price rise is being manipulated around the 4c outcome - wish it wasnât, but weâve seen it beforeHi all, havenât posted much lately as Iâve been flat out at work. Itâs hard enough trying to keep up with the news flow and there has been some great research posted lately: thanks to all the contributors.
Got a question for the more experienced investors. I havenât looked into it statistically but as Iâve been watching the price from afar over the last 18 months it seems to build up prior to the 4c as some FOMO and excitement creeps in with hope of the unexpected.
I donât mean to diss the current SP rise and kill the happy mood but is that a tactic of the shorters? To pump the price up artificially prior to the 4C, then âobtainâ (not sure if the terminology is right there) their short shares while the price is high with an expectation they can manipulate the price back down if the 4c is disappointing. The SP rise has been quite extra-ordinary over the last week.
The general thoughts, including mine are that the income will be low this 4c. I donât have an issue with that as I am holding long term and appreciate the income will flow more next year and build steadily the year after that.
Iâm thinking this next 1/4 is possibly the last one with very low income and therefore a last chance to try and keep the price down for the institutions to accumulate more at a cheap price. Iâm a bit wary the a/holes may build the price up at the start of next week to give them a greater margin of error to drop the price later and also increase their profits. My inexperienced thoughts are that until steady revenue comes in we are a bit at the mercy of the Institutions and traders.
I could be completely wrong and the SP may have gone up due to the American Chips Act, general tech stocks rise, great work done by Jerome, extra publicity about Brainchip etc. I get there are plenty of genuine reasons which could account for the price rise as I think it should be higher based on what the 1000 eyes have uncovered but just wondering on others thoughts.
Happy for others to pose alternative opinions as Iâm new in the game.
Heading out for a stout myself now so have a good weekend all!
Cheers
Hey Rise , you no doubt have your reasons for leaving, but it would be good to see you continue on this huge BRN journey with us all here @tse, your contributions are great fun and appreciated very much, take care and hope to see you back SOON ...... CheersIt's been fun. aidios people![]()
Hi SG.Thanks for the reply Learning,
Iâm not trying to be negative. Iâm up 100 percent and could pay my house off tomorrow if I wanted to only I think Brainchip will increase significantly more than my mortgage will. Hence Iâll leave my money sitting where it is! I wonât be selling anything until at least 2025 when Valeo have had massive sales with their Lidar product and Nanose has been released. Then I might buy myself a new car; at the moment Iâm thinking a Kia Stinger if theyâre still in existence, (theyâre a fun car to drive and remind me of my first car which was a Datsun 260Z)
View attachment 12255
View attachment 12256
This photo isnât mine but pretty well the same thing, was a beauty and I regret selling it! I actually had a matching motorbike the same colour, a Virago 535 which was great fun as well! I thought I was the coolest thing since sliced bread, but that was back in the early 90âs when I owned them!
View attachment 12257
Sorry, I digress, came back from a mates with a couple of beers under the belt and reminisce.
It was more a discussion point as I have been reading of everyone getting excited with the SP rise which is great, however even though I think it could be justified because there is a lot known here Iâm suspicious of how quickly it has risen. Even though there has been some great news shared on this forum Iâm not convinced the general market is aware of the totality of it all. I put a fair bit of time into researching where Brainchip is at and Iâm not sure the average investor puts the same amount of daily time or effort into it; hence they may have knowledge gaps or be as up to date as those on this forum.
You donât need to sell the company to me; both my children and 1/2 a dozen work colleagues have bought in as Iâve been promoting the company to anyone interested as Iâd love for all my colleagues to share in the wealth that will be created in the future. Just not sure where weâll be in a few weeks time and trying to prepare people in case the 4c isnât as expected and there is a manipulated price drop. Hope for the best but prepare for the worst! The forecast was âLumpy.â
Weâll see what happens next week when the 4c comes out and how the SP goes. Itâs easy in hindsight to comment on the share price but I donât mind having a go at casting an opinion and seeing how accurate I am, as in reality what happens over the next few months wonât matter in relation to the next few years. I think the future looks great regardless of this upcoming 4c. I have confidence in the eco-system being developed, with strong fundamentals that enable significant growth in the future.
Iâll see how much egg is on my face in a week or so: Iâm sure someone will remind me if Iâm wrong.And I wonât be disappointed if thatâs the case.
Cheers and have a great weekend!
Spot on Yak .... absolutely agree with you mate ... we are just gradually moving back up to where we deserve to be! Loving this journeyI guess those who are now stating they feel nervous about the "Increase" in SP recently have forgotten the FACT that we have been held down and UNDERVALUED for some time (thanks to the Shorters etc) as can be seen from the Pitt Street Report (priced BRN @ $1.50) and even FactFinders (FF) son (financial Professional international level) who assessed BRN @$1.70
Its not a case of it coming back down, it already is down and short squeeze, various news as mentioned here is finally having an effect on the SP.
One must remember that while our Company employees are responsible with info and no leaks, experts are employed by the major financial Banks, Funds etc to do D/D and they have contacts across the iT Industry which they use to find out how & who is doing what.
The "Big" boyz know way before any release of who is signing, using, manufacturing what and would know of BrainChips progress. Its what they are paid to do! So this SP increase is no surprise to me, it is a refection of how the "Market" (corrupt bugger that it is) is aware of Brainchip and getting on board the bus.
Yak52![]()
When I was very much younger, I knew people* who could hypnotize chooks by holding their heads on the ground and drawing a line from their beaks in the dust. They would just lie there watching the line.I hope brainchip can bust this head scratcher
As Tech said get a major phone company then she'll go bannanasSpot on Yak .... absolutely agree with you mate ... we are just gradually moving back up to where we deserve to be! Loving this journey![]()
Look at pointera 3dp ticker codeIâve come across a few articles now referring to digital twin technology. I just donât understand what it is though![]()
There is a chat feature on TSE. I'd encourage you to use it.
When I was younger I used to watch my father hypnotise the chooks and then woop off with their head.When I was very much younger, I knew people who could hypnotize chooks by holding their heads on the ground and drawing a line from their beaks in the dust. They would just lie there watching the line.