14/03/3025
ICC Award Penalty Against Cominiere Of €39 Million
15/03/2025
US Moves to Support AVZ in Congo Lithium Dispute
The United States is preparing to intervene in the ongoing dispute over the Manono lithium project in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). The Australian reported that Washington aims to back Australian company AVZ Minerals in its legal battle to reclaim the lithium asset.
The US intervention aligns with its broader strategy to secure critical minerals and limit Chinese control over key global resources.
AVZ Secures Legal Victory Against DRC
AVZ Minerals announced a legal win on Friday against the DRC and China’s Zijin Mining over the Manono lithium mine. The International Court of Arbitration of the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) ordered DRC’s state-owned Cominiere to pay a €39.1 million ($42.46 million) penalty for failing to comply with previous rulings.
Figure 1: The Manono Lithium Mine
The dispute began after the DRC revoked AVZ’s mining permit in 2023, citing slow project development. The rights were later transferred to a unit of Zijin Mining, leading AVZ to challenge the decision in arbitration.
AVZ stated it would explore options to recover the penalty and is in early discussions with US-based entities to secure funding for the Manono project.
Manono Lithium Dispute Intensifies
AVZ asserts it holds legal rights over the entire deposit, but DRC authorities split the licence, allowing Zijin to proceed with mining operations in the northern section. AVZ is seeking redress through international arbitration, though previous favourable rulings have not been enforced.
US Plans for Manono Project
The US government aims to ensure the southern section of the Manono project is returned to AVZ. In exchange, AVZ is expected to sell the asset to a US entity.
A US State Department spokesperson confirmed ongoing discussions with DRC officials regarding responsible investment in critical minerals.
“The US has and continues to work with our DRC partners to boost US private sector investment in the DRC to develop mining resources in a responsible and transparent manner that contributes to the strength and prosperity of both the DRC and the US,” the spokesperson stated.
Geopolitical Ramifications of US Involvement
The dispute over Manono comes amid rising tensions between the US and China over global supply chains for critical minerals. Washington views Zijin as a state-controlled entity and seeks to limit its influence.
US officials reportedly plan to allow Zijin to retain control over the northern section of Manono to avoid direct conflict with China.
AVZ’s Struggles and US-CATL Tensions
AVZ, once valued at AUD 4.6 billion, faced significant setbacks after losing control of Manono. The company was delisted from the ASX in 2024 following a trading suspension in 2022.
Figure 2: AVZ faced major setbacks after losing control of Manono
The US government has also raised concerns over AVZ’s financial ties to China’s Contemporary Amperex Technology Co. Limited (CATL), the world’s largest electric vehicle battery manufacturer. In January 2024, CATL provided AVZ with USD 20 million in funding.
In the same month, the US Department of Defence designated CATL as a “Chinese military company.” CATL has denied engaging in any military-related activities.
DRC’s Balancing Act Between US and China
DRC President Félix Tshisekedi is reportedly seeking a strategic agreement with the US to address security challenges, including conflicts with Rwandan-backed M23 rebels.
Jean Bele, a DRC businessman and physicist, highlighted the country’s complex position between the US and China.
“It is a very tricky situation,” Bele said. “US investment requires the respect of the environment, of human rights, and the many other things. Chinese investment is not doing that now.”
Chemaf Copper and Cobalt Dispute
Beyond the lithium dispute, the US is also monitoring another critical minerals conflict involving Chemaf Resources, a DRC-based copper and cobalt miner.
DRC’s state-owned mining company, Gécamines, has offered to acquire Chemaf to prevent China’s Norinco from expanding its interests in the country’s mining sector.
Figure 3: US is monitoring conflict involving Chemaf Resources
Norinco already owns the Comika and Lamikal mines in partnership with Gécamines. The US sanctioned Norinco in 2021.
Future of US Investment in DRC
Washington seeks a critical minerals partnership with the DRC to counter China’s dominance and secure resources for defence and electrification.
“The US is open to discussing partnerships aligned with the Trump administration’s America First Agenda,” a State Department spokesperson said.
Jean Bele welcomed US investment, saying it promotes legal compliance, unlike some Chinese firms accused of bribery.
The lithium, copper, and cobalt disputes highlight the DRC’s central role in the US-China struggle for critical minerals.
AVZ wins a legal battle over Congo’s Manono lithium mine as the US moves to counter China’s influence in critical minerals.
colitco.com